Ramanisblog

Tag: Azhwars

  • Essence Of Devotion Bhakti Twelve Azhwars of Tamil Overview

    Essence Of Devotion Bhakti Twelve Azhwars of Tamil Overview

    I have been blessed with friendships with some great personalities in the field Arts, Literature and Philosophy.

    In the field of Arts I had the fortune of gaining the friendships of Poet Laureate,Kavignar Kannadasan ,who was a great Film Lyricist and a Classical Tamil poet.

    And Ranganathan,called Vaali,Film Lyricist and a Tamil poet of great learning.

    If Kannadasan’s lyrics ,poems drew from life,experience ,touched one’s heart,Vaali,touched you with imagery and the handling of Tamil language.

    Once I asked Vaali as to how he could write such exquisite Lyrics,using slightly modified Classical Tamil and why he professes the Name of Subrahmanya,Murugan at all times,sports Kumkum on the forehead,despite him being Vaishnava.

    To the second question he replied that Tamil was his passion and Murugan being identified with Tamil, he was fond of Murugan.

    He also added that his song on Murugan’Karpanai Enraalum Karchilai enraalum Kandahar Unai Maraven,made him popular.

    (Be it be said you are a figment of imagination,or be a Stone, Never will I forget you).

    As to his mastery over Tamil he said that if one were to read the poems of Azhwars,Naalayira Divya Prabhandham,it is more than enough,though reading all Azhwars may take A Lifetime.

    True.

    If one were to look for Absolute Surrender to God,get immersed in Bhakti and could express the exquisite experience, it was Azhwars.

    Nayanmars,the Devotees of Shiva also belong to this class.

    What is this experience like?

    Abhirami Bhattar ,in His Abhirami Andhadhi Describes thus,

    ‘விரும்பித் தொழும் அடியார்விழி நீர்மல்கி,

    மெய்புளகம் அரும்பித் ததும்பிய ஆனந்தமாகி, அறிவிழந்து,

    கரும்பிற் களித்து, மொழிதடு மாறி முன் சொன்ன எல்லாம்

    தரும் பித்தர் ஆவரென்றால் அபிராமி சமயம் நன்றே.-94
    Read More at: bhakthiplanet.com/2012/06/abirami-andhadhi-lyrics/ © BHAKTHIPLANET.COM

    Goosebumps all over,Flowing Tears from the eyes,

    Overflowing Bliss makes one lose one’s mind,

    Failed words, all these make one lose balance,

    If these be the Divinity of Abhirami Experience,may it be the Best’

    Azhwars have also explained on similar forceful lines of Divine Experience.

    Will be writing on them individually.

    Azhwars represent total surrender,Saranagathi,echoing the Karna Mantra in The Bhagavad-Gita,

    Sarvakarmmaan parithyasja,maameva Charanam vraja,

    Aham thva sarvapaapebyo Mokkshamichaami ,Ma Sucha.

    Azhwar surrenders thus,

    ஊரிலேன் காணியில்லை உறவு மற்றொருவர் இல்லை

    பாரில் நின் பாதமூலம் பற்றிலேன் பரம மூர்த்தி

    காரொளி வண்ணனே என் கண்ணனே கதறுகின்றேன்

    ஆருளர்க் களைகண் அம்மா அரங்க மாநகருளானே.

    No place to Dwell,No Property to Own,

    Nor do I have anyone,

    Neither have I clung to Your Feet,

    Krishna,hear my cries of Anguish,

    Relieve me ,The One,who is at Srirangam.

    And one Azhwar Even Blesses God Vishnu!

    ‘

    பல்லாண்டு பல்லாண்டு பல்லாயிரத்தாண்டு

    பலகோடி நூறாயிரம்

    மல்லாண்ட திண்தோள் மணிவண்ணா! உன்

    சேவடி செவ்வித்திருக்காப்பு

    May You Live for Over Thousands of Years,

    Over many more,

    One who with strong shoulders hardened over many a battle,

    May I proceed by Praying your Feet

    This item by Periyazhwar,father of Andal,who is also an Azhwar.

    Lord Ranganatha married Andal,the adopted daughter of Periyazhwar.

    So Vishnu is Azhwars Son in law.

    It is traditional in Hinduism forefather in law to Bless thereon in law.

    And Azhwar does that.

    When?

    As was and is the custom in Hinduism,the Bride and the Bridegroom, went around the town after marriage.

    Now it has become the case of Reception before marriage!

    The Bride was Andal and the Bridegroom,Lord Vishnu.

    Place, Madurai.

    So handsome were the couple that Father-in-law,Periyazhwar felt Evil Eye might be cast on Vishnu.

    Hence this poem to Bless Vishnu?

    Which Religion can relate to God at this Personal level?

    Or that of a lover,Andal addressing Vishnu thus,

    ‘This Poem is recited twice when reciting Thiruppavai (Vagak kadla Kadaintha is also recited twice?

    The meaning of the words/sentence in Italics convey more than what has been translated.

    I am sure my readers can understand.

    Tell me, which religion, or Devotee has the courage and conviction to address as Such?

    By the way this is yet another Proof that Lord Krishna married the Pandyan Princess Nappinnai.’

    There are twelve Azhwars.

    The Term Azhwar means’ One who is immersed in’

    ‘

    The word azhwar has traditionally been etymologized as from Tamil. ‘Azh’ (ஆழ்), ‘to immerse oneself’ as ‘one who dives deep into the ocean of the countless attributes of god’ .However recently Indologist S.Palaniappan has shown that what was originally Āļvār (ஆள்வார்) meaning ‘One who rules’, or ‘(Spiritual) Master’ got changed through hypercorrection and folk etymology to Āzhvār (ஆழ்வார்) meaning ‘One who is immersed’.

    There is another interpretation.

    The term Azhwar can be written and spelled as ஆள்வார்.

    This is is written as Alwar in English.

    ‘One who rules’ is the meaning.

    This could be because the Alwars ruled Tamil Language or to mean ‘those who are immersed in Vishnu would Rule over Mokkshamichaami or Destiny.

    Itlaics is my interpretation.

    Palaniappan cites inscriptional evidence and even literary evidence from Vaisnhavaite tradition itself for a gradual sound change from āļvār to āzhvār over a period of two centuries from the 9th to the 11th century involving references to religious leaders in Vaishnavism, Shaivism and even Jainism and to political personalities. He states: “āzhvār is but a corrupt form of āļvār which has been used interchangeably with nāyanār in secular and religious contexts in the Tamil land” and “… Notwithstanding the Vaishnava claim of unbroken teacher-student tradition, the fact that Nathamuni has used the form āļvār but Piļļān [A disciple and younger cousin of Rāmānuja] ended up using the form āzhvār suggests that there has been an error in transmission somewhere along the teacher-student chain between the two teachers. This error was obviously due to the influence of the sound variation that has occurred in the Srirangam area and elsewhere”.

    The original word ஆள்வார் compares with the epithet ‘Āṇḍãḷ’ ((ஆண்டாள்) for the female canonized Vaishnava saint Gōdai ((கோதை) and they share the same verb Tamil. āḷ ((ஆள்), the former being the honorific non-past (or present-future) form and the latter the feminine past form of that same verb.’

    Dates of Alwars are,as usual in Indian History,are disputed,ranging from 4000 CE to 8 Century AD.

    The twelve Azhwars List.

    These Alwars were born in various parts of our country but they were all united in a common subject, ie dedicating their lives and praising the Lord.

    Poigai Alwar, Bhoodath Alwar and Pei Alwar are collectively called as “Mudhal Alwars” were found in the same period of time.

    Thirumazhisai Alwar, who thought the Perumal as his friend and has sung Mangalasasanam on Perumal.

    Thirumangai Alwar, who was a great king in his starting of life but later, changed his life to work for the Perumal and for his bhaktaas.

    Thondaradippodi Alwar, who is also named as “Vipra Narayanar” led his life as the slave to the Perumal and worked for the Perumal by dedicating him with Garlands.

    Thiruppaan Alwar, who belonged to the Paanar family, praised the Perumal through his beautiful songs and Paasurams.

    Periyalwar, is considered as the Mother, Father for Sri Andal and Father-in-Law to Perumal has sung Mangalasasanam on Perumal.

    Sri Andal, who is also called as “Soodikkodutha Sudar Kodi” is said to be the daughter (brought up) of Periyalwar has created “Thiruppavai” in which she considers Sriman Naryanan as her husband. She is the only lady alwar.

    Nammalwar, who sat below the Tamarind tree without having any food and sleep got Gnana and has sung Mangalasasanam on Perumal and he has worked hard to spread Sri Vaishnavam.

    Madhurakavi Alwar, who is said to be the Sishyan (Student) of Nammalwar is also one among 12 Alwars.

    Kulasekara Alwar, have a great bhakti towards Sri Ramar have also done Mangalasasanam on the Perumal particularly in Malayala Naatu thriuppathigal.

    Will be writing more on Azhwars ,their dates,works.

    Reference and citation.

    http://www.divyadesam.com/alwars.shtml

    https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alvars

  • Date of Andal Srivilliputhur 3004 BC?

    Date of Andal Srivilliputhur 3004 BC?

    I am checking the dates and history of India during middle ages to sort out misinformation that had crept into early Indian History.

    In this article ,I am looking at the date of Andal,the only Saint Poetss in Tamil,an Azhwar among the twelve.

    Why have I chosen Andal,not others?

    Honest reason is I was born in Srivilliputhur and studied there.

    Srivilliputhur Andal temple.image.
    Srivilliputhur Andal temple.The Tower is The Emblem of aTamil Nadu.

    This small town is the birth place of Andal and Srivilliputhur Andal Temple is famous as the second Divyakshetra after Srirangam for Sri Vaishnavas.( Vaikuntam is taken as the first Divyadesa,but as it is celestial it is not taken into account as a Divyadesa in Earth)

    Though an Iyer, I am conversant with Vaishnava Sampradaaya as much as Iyers’ mostly because I spent my formative years at lap of Andal and I am moved by Thiruppavai as much as Abhirami Andhadi.

    As to the date of Andal,the scholars (?)assign 7 or 8th Century AD.

    The evidence they rely on are,

    Internal evidence in Andal’s Thiruppavai mainly and her foster father Vishnuchittha’s Works.

    The astronomical event described in Thiruppavai.

    The internal evidence rests on the style of Andal’s Works belong to a much later period than the Sangam period.

    She refers to Sangam period as Sangath Tamizhmaalai Muppadhum Thappame,’Garland of poems modeled after Sangam Tamil Style,

    ‘சங்கத் தமிழ்மாலை முப்பதும் தப்பாமே’ Thiruppaavai 30.

    The same style is found in her foster father’s Works.

    Secondly,reference is taken to another Thiruppaavai,

    ‘புள்ளின்வாய் கீண்டானை, பொல்லா அரக்கனைக்

    கிள்ளிக் களைந்தானைக் கீர்த்திமை பாடிப்போய்,
    பிள்ளைகள் எல்லாரும் பாவைக் களம்புக்கார்;
    வெள்ளி எழுந்து, வியாழம் உறங்கிற்று;
    புள்ளும் சிலம்பினகாண்; போதரிக் கண்ணினாய்!
    குள்ளக் குளிரக் குடைந்து நீராடாதே,
    பள்ளிக் கிடத்தியோ? பாவாய்! நீ நன்னாளால்
    கள்ளம் தவிர்ந்து கலந்தேலோ ரெம்பாவாய். ‘

    வெள்ளி எழுந்து, வியாழம் உறங்கிற்று;

    This refers to the celetial phenomenon of Venus rising in the East and Jupiter setting in the West,in the early hours of the day.(Brahma Muhurtha between 3.45 and 4.30 am)

    Based on this thecday on which the poem was composed is fixed either  on 25th November 885 AD or 24th December 886 AD.

    So the datevof Andal is assigned as 8th Century AD.

    Before looking at the other evidence which dates Andal at 3025 BC,let us look at some issues in the above dates.

    1.The style no doubt is an important factor to determine the dates.

    True,the Andal’s literary style is not Sangam Style.

    But is that alone sufficient to date around 8th Century AD?

    Those who assign 8th Century take reference to Vallabha Pandya who was a contemporary of Vishnu Chitta and Andal and his date is determined around 8th Century AD.

    Vishnuchitta is assigned 8oo to 885 AD.

    ‘ஞானசம்பந்தர் (640-656 A.D.) (மாமல்ல I, பாண்டியன் அரிகேசரி நெடுமாறன்  சம காலத்தவர்), அப்பர் (580-660 A.D.) (மஹேந்திரன், மாமல்ல மற்றும் பாண்டியன் அரிகேசரியின் சமகாலத்தவர்), பெரியாழ்வார் (800-885 A.D.) (பாண்டியன் ஸ்ரீ மாற ஸ்ரீ வல்லப சமகாலத்தவர்), நம்மாழ்வார் (745 to 780 A.D.) போன்றோர் வாழ்ந்த காலம் பற்றிய தெளிவு கிடைக்கின்றது.

    எனவே பெரியாழ்வார் ஸ்ரீ மாறன் ஸ்ரீ வல்லபன் (கி.பி. 815 – 862) என்ற பாண்டியன் காலத்தில் வாழ்ந்தவர் என்று ஐயத்திற்கு இடமின்றி ஏற்றுக்கொள்ளலாம்.  பெரியாழ்வாரே பாண்டியன் கோ நெடுமாறன் தன் சமகாலத்தவர் என்று மூன்று இடங்களில் குறிப்பிட்டுள்ளார்: 

    1. பருப்பதத்து கயல் பொறித்த பாண்டியர் குலபதி. (பெரியாழ்வார் திருமொழி 5-4-7) 
    2. கொன்னவில் சுடர் வெல் கோன் நெடுமாறன் (பெரியாழ்வார் திருமொழி 4-2-7 ) 
    3. குறுகாத மன்னரை கூடு கலக்கி (பெரியாழ்வார் திருமொழி 4-2-8)

    குருபம்பரை நூலிலும் பாண்டியன் ஸ்ரீ வல்லபன் பெரியாழ்வாரின் சமகாலத்தவர் என்று குறிப்பிடப்பட்டுள்ளது.’

    Source.  http://akharam.blogspot.in/2015/01/blog-post.html

    However as there are more kings by the same name,which one should we take?

    Again the planetary alignment stated above  is not limited to the two dates mentioned above.

    They had happened earlier,even during Sangam Period and will take place in future as celetial events take place with regularity,as in Agastya Star,Star Canopus for example.

    The difficulty in taking celestial event as proof is not foolproof.

    Please read my article on Difficulty in dating Hinduism.

    Now let us look at another date assigned  to Andal based on another Text.

    Sri Andal is considered the incarnation of Bhoomi Devi (Mother Earth). She was like Sri Seetha born of Mother Earth. Divya Suri Charita records that she appeared as a child in the 97 th year after the onset of Kali Yuga termed the Nala year, in the Tamil month of Adi in the Purva Phalguni asterism. Follow the link for a brief outline of Sri Andal (Godha) and her works’

    Source.

    http://azhwar.org/?p=28

    ‘I am not sure from where you are getting the idea of Andal being born in 8th century. It is laughable and this is what happens when an outsider puts out the information as he likes and publishes a book. Indeed 3025 BC is a wrong date. I re-edited it to post the correct birth date i.e 97/98th year of Kali Yuga (3102 BC) that puts the date around 3004 BC. Out of 12 alwars, the last alwar was Thirumangai Alwar who was born in 2706 B.C. Nalayira Divya Prabandhams were lost during the big 3500 year gap between Thirumangai Azhwar and Nathamuni. Andal birth date is clearly mentioned, why are you guys who have no idea of the sanatana dharma are tampering with the traditional accounts is beyond me. Should you guys push everything after the christ or something? I don’t understand. Indeed it was a mistake on my part to say 3025 BC but the correct date is around 3004 BC. Research the alwars history, the last alwar was Thirumangai. I don’t care if you bar me from editing the page, its just that wiki loses authority by pushing the dates. I am done…—-Kalyan — Preceding unsigned comment added by SriKrushna7(talk • contribs)

    @SriKrushna7: Do you have a reliable source for this, per WP:V and WP:RS? Blogs, random websites and self-published sources are neither scholarly nor acceptable in wikipedia. If you read the pages in the sources cited, you will see support for 8th/9th century. @Redtigerxyz has suggested that we acknowledge the traditional hagiographies, an idea I like, per wiki’s NPOV policy. Ms Sarah Welch (talk) 17:51, 18 December 2015 (UTC)

    ┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘@183.82.214.129: In response to your comment on my talk page, please note that the article already has the traditional ~3000 BCE date as a special note. Ms Sarah Welch (talk) 23:56, 24 February 2016 (UTC)

    That small note at the bottom is an insult to the Sri Vaishnava sampradaya followers and is considered blasphemy. Your consistent vandalizing of the page with the false dates and preferring of one source over the other just because it does not sound practical for you is absurd. If I could have reported you, I would have already done that to admins and your threats of blocking me and all is absolute nonsense and why would I be blocked for asking a valid question. The date of birth of Andal comes from traditional Tamil scriptures and not by an author of the book who out of his mind sets a date! Read the book ‘Divya Suri Charita’ which actually mentions Andal date of birth (97th Kali/3005 BC to be exact) or and is the primary source of information. Lastly, I don’t know why you are editing a page which you have NO idea about, absurd to say the least. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 183.82.214.129 (talk) 11:52, 27 February 2016 (UTC)’

    Source.  https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Andal#3025_BC_versus_8th.2F9th_century_dating_in_reliable_source

    The bottom line is,

    1.Texts are taken to vadidate dates.

    But when there are more texts mentioning different dates,which one to rely on?

    For westerners and Wiki,dates that place Indian History later to Christ or Western Sources.

    That’s the reason why I do not edit wiki,despite their communication as I am convinced that minecwill be removed.

    I quote Wiki,despite many readers asking me not to rely on it,because I choose a wiki article based on its resources.

    I shall write in detail on this in my Page shortly

    2.The Sangam date assigned around 3000 BC calls for revision in the light of new archeological finds at Attirampakkam,Poompuhar which set Sangam dates back by 30,000 years.

    So the date of Andal at 8th Century AD could be open to question as it might be 3025 BC as the proof here is also dependant on text as in the case of 8th Century AD.

    Let me check further.

    Scholars may send information.

  • Who Has The Courage Of Andal To Address Vishnu Thus

    I have written on the intimate level in which God is held in Hinduism.

    We have many legends historical facts to back this up.

    Sanskrit literature abounds in narrating these instances and , if one is of the right disposition, shall bring tears .

    Andal, Srivilliputtur.jpg
    Andal, Srivilliputtur

    When Tamil takes position on this?

    The result is exquisite.

    There are many who have treated God as a Lover, Meera an example.

    Andal, an Azhwar by her own right steals the show in this lover role Nayaka Nayaki Bhava.

    Her yearning for Vishnu, Krishna is something ephemeral and would melt one’s heart without being erotic.

    Tamil calls the satisfaction  in culmination, consummation of Love as pleasure of the Lowest Order while Realizing Reality or communon with God as ecstasy or Bliss.

    The former is called as Chirinbam(சிற்றின்பம்)

    The latter as Perinbam ( பேரின்பம் )

    Andal of Srivilliputhur has composed many exquisite poems and her father Vishnuchitta, Periyaazhvar in One who Blessed even Vishnu!

    Of most importance is Andal’s Thiruppavai(which incidentally is being celebrated as a function in  South east Asia), thirty poems oozing Bhakthi and Love for Vishnu, Krishna.

    There are such utterances my Andal that bespeaks of her ardent Love.

    She has the Love and audacity (?) to call Krishna/ Vishnu as one who was immersed with his wife Nappinnai and instead of asking him to disengage himself, Andal exhorts Nappinnai, Krishna’s wife?

    This Poem is recited twice when reciting Thiruppavai (Vagak kadla Kadaintha is also recited twice?

    The meaning of the words/sentence in Italics convey more than what has been translated.

    I am sure my readers can understand.

    Tell me, which religion, or Devotee has the courage and conviction to address as Such?

    By the way this is yet another Proof that Lord Krishna married the Pandyan Princess Nappinnai.

    Please read my post on this.

    Rangamannar in the lap of Andal.jpg Rangamannar in the lap of Andal.

    20.முப்பத்து மூவர் அமரர்க்கு முன்சென்று

    கப்பம் தவிர்க்கும் கலியே! துயிலெழாய்;

    செப்பம் உடையாய்! திறலுடையாய்! செற்றார்க்கு

    வெப்பம் கொடுக்கும் விமலா! துயிலெழாய்;

    செப்பன்ன மென்முலை செவ்வாய் சிறுமருங்குல்

    நப்பின்னை நங்காய்! திருவே! துயிலெழாய்;

    உக்கமும் தட்டொளியும் தந்துஉன் மணாளனை

    இப்போதே எம்மை நீராட்டேலோ ரெம்பாவாய்.

    Translation   By Dr. V.K.S.N. Raghavan

    Oh Valiant Lord , who removes the tremblings of the thirty three (crores of) gods , by going to battles (on their behalf) and by being in front of them (in such battles)! Kindly awaken from sleep .Oh Lord , who cares about our protection , and is fully equipped with enormous strength and valour ! Oh Lord , blemishless and pure, and the One who defeats with vigour Your enemies ! Kindly awaken. (now turning to His consort, Nappinnai ) Oh the great Lady Nappinnai , possessing a charming physique –with a jar-shaped soft bosom , enchanting rosy lips and slim waist! Oh the embodiment of Goddess Lakshmi! Be pleased to rise up. May You give us a fan , a mirror and Your Lord as well , and at this time itself , may You help us to take our (ceremonial) bath .

    muppaththu  mUvar  amararkku                 mun cenRu *
Thirty      three  immortals (gods) (He who) goes to

kappam         thavirkkum            kaliyE                  thuyilezhaay *
fears (theirs) removes    (You That) heroic one (please) wake up .

ceppam  utaiyaay thiRal      utaiyaay * ceRRaarkku
Perfect one      omni-potent one        enemies (He who)

veppam   kotukkum                vimalaa           thuyilezhaay *
burn(s)  gives (up) , (You That) Lord (please) wake up .

ceppenna               men  mulaic  cev vaayc ciRu    maruNGkul *
Like a perfect vessel  soft breasts red lips  slender waist

nappinnai                            naNGkaay thiruvE            thuyilezhaay *
(You) nappinnai (The Lord's consort) lady     beautiful (please) wake up .

ukkamum    thattoLiyum than^thu                           un   maNaaLanai *
Fan (and)  mirror      give (to us) (please also wake up) your husband (The Lord)

ippOthE        emmai       nIraattu
right now (so) us (we can) bathe .

El                                Or empaavaay
Come (Let us do) (the penance of) paavai nOmbu
Citation.
http://www.ibiblio.org/sripedia/ebooks/tpv/vstp20.html
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    “கண்ணன் கழலிணை நண்ணும் மனமுடையீர்
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    நம்ஆழ்வார் அருளீய அனைத்துப் ப்ரபந்தங்களும் , அந்தாதியாக அறிகிறோம்.

    திருவிருத்தம், திருவாசிரியம், பெரிய திருவந்தாதி, திருவாய்மொழி , யாவும் அந்தாதியே.

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    இதுவும், அந்தாதியா? அல்லதுஅந்தாதி இல்லையா?”

    எனது குறிப்பு

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    ஆராந் திருமொழி

    ‘பரிவதலீசனைப்பாடி ….’
    முதல் பாடல்
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    இதனிலிலும் சீர் அடங்கவில்லை .

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