Tag: Human evolution

  • Hanuman Vanaras Existed 2,50,000 Years Ago? Homo Heidelbergensis

    Hanuman Vanaras Existed 2,50,000 Years Ago? Homo Heidelbergensis

    Ancestors of Homo sapiens were Homo heidelbergensis.

    Home sapiens were our ancestors.

    Hanuman is described as Chiranjeevi, Immortal.

    Vanaras, to which he is reported to belong were not Apes.

    Valmiki observes that they could speak and were intelligent

    Hanuman had authored Sanskrit Grammar before Panini.

    Hanuman is described as Wise.

    There are Mantras that are addressed to Hanuman for better communication skills and mental strength.

    In the light of following information could it be that Vanaras as a species existed 2,50,000 years ago?

    In India?

    Indian Thought does not support Darwinian Theory of Evolution

    Species co existed.

    This is being proved by recent researches in Biology and Archeology.

    I had written earlier about Hanuman being possibly the equivalent of Neanderthals.

    Hanuman is described as Immortal, Chiranjeevi

    .Asia remained as reservoir of all races moving in to Europe.

    2.For reasons not very known’ Humans started pushing towards Europe, this is presumed to be due to a cataclysmic event like flood or long dry periods.

    3.Access to Europe was easy as the Russian plains were there to cross over effortlessly.

    4.The complex structure of European geological features made these groups entering into Europe to become small groups settling n pockets.

    The Basques settled in the North of Pyrenees, Celts in Wales,Ireland and north-west of Scotland,Lombard in Italy,

    In the Fourth Century AD, out of Asia came the Huns,predecessor of Germans),Tatars.’

    https://www.google.co.in/amp/s/ramanan50.wordpress.com/2014/07/18/hanuman-vanaras-are-neanderthals-of-india/amp/

    heidelbergensis

    Where Lived: Europe; possibly Asia (China); Africa (eastern and southern)
    When Lived: About 700,000 to 200,000 years ago

    This early human had a very large browridge, and a larger braincase and flatter face than older early human species. It was the first early human species to live in colder climates; their ­­­short, wide bodies were likely and to conserving heat. It lived at the time of the oldest definite control of fire and use of wooden spears, and it was the first early human species to routinely hunt large animals. This early human also broke new ground; it was the first species to build shelters, creating simple dwellings out of wood and rock.

    Year of Discovery: 1908
    History of Discovery:

    In 1908 near Heidelberg, Germany, a workman found the of H. heidelbergensis in the Rösch sandpit just north of the village of Mauer. This was nearly complete except for the missing premolars and first two left molars; it is heavily built and lacks a chin. German scientist Otto Schoentensack was the first to describe the specimen and proposed the name Homo heidelbergensis.

    Before the naming of this species, scientists referred to early human fossils showing traits similar to both Homo erectus and modern humans as ‘archaic’ Homo sapiens.

    Height: Males: average 5 ft 9 in (175 cm); Females: average 5 ft 2 in (157 cm)
    Weight: Males: average 136 lbs (62 kg); Females: average 112 lbs (51 kg)

    We don’t know everything about early humans—but we keep learning more! Paleoanthropologists are constantly in the field, excavating new areas with groundbreaking technology, and continually filling in some of the gaps about our understanding of human evolution.

    Below are some of the still unanswered questions about Homo heidelbergensis that may be answered with future discoveries:

    .Smithsonian

    1. Did this early human indeed range in time from 1.3 million to 200,000 years ago, and in geography from Africa to Europe to Asia? Or are there more than one species represented among the fossils that some scientists call H. heidelbergensis (including H. antecessor, H. cepranensis, and H. rhodesiensis)?
    2. Many scientists think this species was ancestral tor n, but which species wancDidbehaviorceTheir model begins about 250,000 years ago, when Homo heidelbergensis arrived in India toting crude stone tools. Digs in central India in the 1980s turned up skeletal remains of the species, and other sites revealed almond-shaped hand axes chipped from stone.

    Meanwhile in Africa modern humans arose about 190,000 years ago, most archaeologists believe. These humans too developed stone tools

    .

    Scattered evidence, such as red ochre—perhaps used as body paint—suggests early African humans also dabbled in the creative arts.

    The new theory posits that as much as 70,000 years ago, a group of these modern humans migrated east, arriving in India with technology comparable to that developed by Homo heidelbergensis.

    “The tools were not so different,” Petraglia says. “The technology that the moderns had wasn’t of a great advantage over what [Homo heidelbergensis] were using.”

    But modern humans outcompeted the natives, slowly but inexorably driving them to extinction, Petraglia says. “It’s just like the story in Western Europe, where [modern humans] drove Neandertals to extinction,” he says.

    The modern humans who colonized India may also have been responsible for the disappearance of the so-called Hobbits, whose fossilized bones were discovered recently on the Indonesian island of Flores.

    But Athreya of Texas A&M argues that the evidence for such a “replacement event” in India remains weak.

    “You have to explain the reasons for the replacement, [such as] technical superiority,” she said.

    Reference and Citation.

    https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2005/11/1114_051114_india_2.html

  • Improbable Is Possible Sanatana Dharma Tamil World History

    I have been researching India,its History,Sanatana Dharma,Hinduism for the past eight years.

    I have been referring Indian texts in Sanskrit,Tamil and English (these languages I know a bit).

    My search was triggered by anamolies in Indian History and culture in the prescribed text books.

    ‘Considering these facts,( I have written detailed articles on each point mentioned here),I have been pursuing my studies and I am stuck with some startling, seemingly improbable facts.

    Nothing is Improbable because I do not understand it,

    Arthur Conan Doyle quote..image
    Nothing is Improbable, Arthur Conan Doyle Quote in Sherlock Holme.

    This might shock some.

    I shall be writing a series with evidence on some of my conclusions, which might border on Wild imagination to plain Crazy!

    So the idea that One could see the world with a small device in one’s palm and communicate.!’

    When checked with resources from ancient Indian texts,foreign literature not being referred to in our curricula,archaeology,Astronomy,Astro-archeaology,Philology,Linguistics,Racial theories,Geology, and the past cultures of the world and their religion and legends,I found,

    1. Bharatvarsha existed as explained in Indian Texts,
    2. The events, characters are real,
    3. Bharatvarsha extended throughout the world,
    4. Rama and Krishna were real.
    5. Rama’s name is found  in Kings List of Sumeria, along with Dasaratha and Bharatha.
    6. Rama is referred to in Atlantis Legends.
    7. Rama Tribe is found in Africa.
    8. Ramas Chapel in Iraq.
    9. Egyptian Pharoahs wore Vaishnav marks on thier body.
    10. Australian Aborigines perform Shiva Trinetra Dance even today.
    11. Ancient Tamil is spoken ,even now in Cameroon.
    12. Hindu thoughts were prevalent in Greece much before the arrival of Alexander in India.
    13. Pillars of Herules was dedicated to Krishna.
    14. Krishna Balarama and Shiva were worshipped in ancient Greece.
    15. Tamil Siddha Bhogar is found in South America.
    16. Agastya is found New Zealand.
    17. Rig Veda was compiled in the Arctic.
    18. Pradhyumna, son of Lord Krishna founded the Port city Port Barzhyn in Russia.
    19. Russia has Vedas called Perun,Perun Santis and they were nine in number.
    20. Siberians worship Ayur Devathas of Hinduism even today.
    21. Lake Baikal was Indra’s Amravathi.
    22. Kaikeyi was born in Russia.
    23. Russian language is very close to Sanskrit.
    24. Saptha Rivers, that is seven rivers as explained in Indian Texts are found in Russia.
    25. Yagnyavalka, the Sage who gave Shukla Yajur Veda lived in Russia.
    26. Caspian Sea was Kashyap Sagar.
    27. River Danube was named after Dhanu, mother of Dhanavas.
    28. Rig Vedic Mandala city is found in Arkaim, Russia.
    29. Russia was called Sthree( Women) Varsha and was a Republic.
    30. Petra Jordan Has a Shiva Temple.
    31. Arabia was Aravasthan.
    32. King Vikramaditya ruled the region.
    33. His edict is found in Kaaba.
    34. Muhammad’s Uncle wrote Siva Stuthi.
    35. Shiva Linga is in Meccan and Islam follows Vedic rituals at Kaaba.
    36. Ancient Arabians followed Tamil customs.
    37. Tamil kings extended their kingdoms to middle and far east.
    38. Cilappadikaram Nedunchezhiyan ,Pandya King was called Nebuchadnezzar I.
    39. Yadavs migrated to Israel and are the ancestors of Jews.
    40. Hittie,Elamite,Hurian,Sumerian,Minoan civilizations trace their roots to Tamils.

    Articles to follow.

    Please note that this Blog  is exploratory and research oriented in Nature.

    Alternative views with evidence welcome.

  • Million Year Tamil Site Pallavaram Chennai Dated Report

    I  posted an article that the Tamils lived around 74,000 years ago and that too near Chennai.

    I forgot to provide the Link.

    Scroll down for Video.

    This led to the speculation that I have been providing information not backed up by facts.

    Readers of this site know well that I never post information without evidence nor providing information without authentic links.

    I forgot in the above case.

    Attirampakkam,Chennai being excavated.Jpg Attirampakkam,Chennai being excavated..

    That is also good in the sense that I have been able to get more information on the site and details.

    The site is now estimated to be around .

    ‘Archaeologists have discovered India’s oldest stone-age tools, up to 1.5 million years old, at a prehistoric site near Chennai. The discovery may change existing ideas about the earliest arrival of human ancestors from Africa into India…

    The Story of Attirampakkam.

    One hundred and fifty years ago, on May 30, 1863, young geologist Robert Bruce Foote bent down and picked up a stone tool on the Parade Ground at Pallavaram cantonment, near Chennai. It turned out to be an epochal discovery. Foote’s discovery revolutionised the study of India’s pre-history.

    Attirampakkam (13°13′50″N, 79°53′20″E, 38.35 m a.s.l), is an open-air Palaeolithic site situated near a meandering tributary stream of the river Kortallaiyar, northwest of Chennai, Tamil Nadu, along the southeast coast of India. Discovered in September 1863, by Robert Bruce Foote and his colleague William King, it was investigated in the early to mid 20th century by several scholars- T.T. Paterson, V.D.Krishnaswami and K.D.Banerjee. Later work on the prehistory of this region was conducted by A.Swami. S.Pappu’s doctoral dissertation on the prehistory of the Kortallaiyar river basin (see publications), highlighted the importance of the context of artefacts at this site, in addition to other observations on the nature of the prehistoric record of this region.

    A team of Indian and French archaeologists have used two dating methods including Cosmogenic nuclide burial dating to show that the stone hand-axes and cleavers from Attirampakkam are at least 1.07 million years old, and could date as far back as 1.5 million years.

    12 years of painstaking work

    The Tamil Nadu site was first discovered in 1863 by British geologist Robert Bruce Foote, and has been excavated at various times since then.

    Archaeologists Shanti Pappu and Kumar Akhilesh from the Sharma Centre for Heritage Education have spent the last 12 years continuing to excavate the site and have now found 3,528 artefacts that bear a distinct similarity to prehistoric tools discovered in western Asia and Africa.

    The tools fall into a class of artefacts called Acheulian that scientists believe were first created by Homo erectus – ancestors of modern humans – in Africa about 1.6 million years ago.

    “This means that soon after early humans invented the Acheulian tools, they crossed formidable geographical barriers to get to southern Asia,” said Michael Petraglia, an archaeologist at the University of Oxford, who is an expert in Asian prehistoric archaeology but was not associated with the Chennai study. “The suggestion that this occurred 1.5 million years ago is simply staggering,” he said.

    Petraglia himself had earlier been involved in excavating the Hunsgi valley in Karnataka, which has yielded 1.27 million-year-old stone tools, regarded as India’s oldest until now. Although earlier excavations had revealed Acheulian tools at a few sites on the Indian subcontinent, including a two million-year-old site in Pakistan, the dates assigned to the artefacts so far have remained under debate.

    The latest dating techniques

    Pappu and her colleagues assigned dates to the Attirampakkam tools by analysing traces of certain elements embedded in them and by correlating the archaeological layers excavated at the site with changes in the Earth’s magnetic field.

    “We adopted two different dating methods and arrived at consistent results,” Shanti Pappu explained “We believe this is the strongest evidence so far for an Acheulian industry in India older than one million years.”

    The dating studies were carried out by collaborating geophysicists in French academic institutions. Researchers believe the new dates will have major implications for current ideas about who carried the Acheulian culture into India.

    In the past, some researchers had attributed the flow of Acheulian tools into southern Asia and Europe to the Homo heidelbergensis, another ancestor of modern humans but one that appeared long after the Homo erectus. But the 1.5 million year date assigned to the Attirampakkam tools suggests that groups of Homo erectus carried the tool-making culture into India.

    In an independent research study, Petraglia and his colleagues have analysed Acheulian tools in India that appear to be only 120,000 years old. The two findings suggest that the Acheulian toolmakers inhabited India for 1.4 million years – from 1.5 million years ago to 120,000 years ago.

    “The excavators have done an outstanding job, unprecedented in archaeology studies in India. This means soon after early humans invented the Acheulean tool kit 1.6 million years ago, groups migrated out of Africa crossing formidable barriers to get to southern Asia,” confirmed Michael Petragalia.

    What sets apart the Indo-French discovery from other similar previous findings is the dating accuracy.

    The tools in Attirampakkam suggest that the Homo erectus carried the Acheulian culture into India before the Homo heidelbergensis ferried this tool-making culture into Europe, where the earliest sites are about 600,000 years old, said Robin Dennel, a senior archaeologist at the University of Sheffield, in a special scientific commentary in the March 2011 issue of Science.

    Early Pleistocene Presence of Acheulian Hominins in South India

    Shanti Pappu, Yanni Gunnell, Kumar Akhilesh,Régis Braucher,Maurice Taieb, François Demory, Nicolas Thouveny

    Read the full paper in Science, March 25th, 2011.

    South Asia is rich in Lower Paleolithic Acheulian sites. These have been attributed to the Middle Pleistocene on the basis of a small number of dates, with a few older but disputed age estimates. Here, we report new ages from the excavated site of Attirampakkam, where paleomagnetic measurements and direct 26Al/10Be burial dating of stone artifacts now position the earliest Acheulian levels as no younger than 1.07 million years ago (Ma), with a pooled average age of 1.51 ± 0.07 Ma. These results reveal that, during the Early Pleistocene, India was already occupied by hominins fully conversant with an Acheulian technology including handaxes and cleavers among other artifacts. This implies that a spread of bifacial technologies across Asia occurred earlier than previously accepted.

    You can read more about this paper by following this link

    You can also check out perspectives on this paper by Robin Dennell in the same issue of Science.

    A comment on this paper is also present on John Hawks web blog

    More comments on Sheila Mishra’s web blog

    The contents are copyrighted.

    Please visit the sites.

    Reference and Citation for  research.Thanks to these Studies.

    http://www.sharmaheritage.com/index.php/research/attirampakkam

    http://www.archeolog-home.com/pages/content/attirampakkam-inde-million-year-old-tools-found-india-s-prehistory-pushed-back.html

    http://www.ancientdigger.com/2011/03/excavations-at-attirampakkam-in-india.html

    http://www.antiquity.ac.uk/projgall/pappu297/

    http://antiquity.ac.uk/projgall/pappu325/

    http://popular-archaeology.com/issue/april-2011/article/early-humans-occupied-south-asia-over-a-million-years-ago

    http://www.pasthorizonspr.com/index.php/archives/03/2011/stone-tools-reveal-indias-1-5-million-year-old-prehistory

    http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/history-and-culture/stone-tools-that-revolutionised-study-of-indias-prehistory/article3516451.ece

    A discovery that changed the antiquity of humankind who lived in Indian subcontinent

    http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/a-discovery-that-changed-the-antiquity-of-humankind-who-lived-in-indian-subcontinent/article4753744.ece

    http://www.sharmaheritage.com/index.php/about-us/86-sche-content/aboutus/right-column/110-dr-shanti-pappu

    http://www.sciencemag.org/content/331/6024/1532

    http://www.sciencemag.org/content/331/6024/1596.figures-only

    http://earth-pages.co.uk/2011/05/08/early-bi-face-tools-from-south-india/

    http://www.le.ac.uk/has/ps/past/past37.html

    http://www.antiquity.ac.uk/projgall/pappu297/

    https://ancienttamilcivilization.wordpress.com/tag/tamils/

    * Some links may be broken and some have moved

  • Breasts Why Men Love Them

    Breasts, one of the erotic zones, along with earlobes, is of intense interest among men.

    This has some psychological and biological  reasons.

    Apart from Sex drive, men are attracted to Breasts because of the fact that the first experience of a child is sucking the Mother’s breast.

    The organism always resort to the first experiences of any drive/instinctive actions/reactions.

    Men unconsciously finds solace in this, most of the time Consciously!

    One may also note that at times of great stress one resorts to Sleeping in Fetal Position;this is the pose the child assumes when it was in the womb of its mother, where it felt it was safe, an instinctive reaction for survival

    Fetal Position.,Sleep
    Fetal Position Sleeping in Fetal Position.

    Why are Men obsessed with Breasts?

    Here is the report.

    ‘Why do straight men devote so much headspace to those big, bulbous bags of fat drooping from women’s chests? Scientists have never satisfactorily explained men’s curious breast fixation, but now, a neuroscientist has struck upon an explanation that he says “just makes a lot of sense.”

    Larry Young, a professor of psychiatry at Emory University who studies the neurological basis of complex social behaviors, thinks human evolution has harnessed an ancient neural circuit that originally evolved to strengthen the mother-infant bond during breast-feeding, and now uses this brain circuitry to strengthen the bond between couples as well. The result? Men, like babies, love breasts.

    When a woman’s nipples are stimulated during breast-feeding, the neurochemical oxytocin, otherwise known as the “love drug,” floods her brain, helping to focus her attention and affection on her baby. But research over the past few years has shown that in humans, this circuitry isn’t reserved for exclusive use by infants.’

    Source:

    http://www.livescience.com/23500-why-men-love-breasts.html

    Related:

    http://ramanisblog.in/2009/09/30/breast-feeding-excessive-lactation/

     

  • Some Mysteries of The Human Body (Unsolved)

    Some Mysteries of The Human body are quite intriguing.

     

    We do not know much about them.

     

    Yet we feel we have all the answers and subject our body to Medicine/Surgery.

     

    Please read the ones on Appendix and The Brain.

    Story:

    If you shaved a chimpanzee and took a photo of its body from the neck to the waist, “at first glance you wouldn’t really notice that it isn’t human,” said Kevin Hunt, director of the Human Origins and Primate Evolution Lab at Indiana University. The two species’ musculature is extremely similar, but somehow, pound-for-pound, chimps are between two and three times stronger than humans, Hunt told us. It’s unclear why we’re so much wimpier than our closest hominid relatives; perhaps our muscles’ attachment points subtly differ, or our muscle fibers could be less dense.

    /original/ape-human-02.jpg
    Man and Chimp.

    Either way, the result is slightly humiliating. Once, in an African forest, Hunt watched an 85-pound female chimp snap branches off an aptly named ironwood tree with her fingertips. It took Hunt two hands and all the strength he could muster to snap an equally thick branch. [Chimps vs. Humans: How Are We Different?

    Nine out of 10 people are right-handed. More mysterious than the dearth of southpaws is the fact that humans have dominant hands in the first place. Why just one hand with top-notch motor skills, instead of a double dose of dexterity? One theory holds that handedness results from having more intricate wiring on the side of the brain involved in speech (which also requires fine motor skills). Because the speech center usually sits in the left brain hemisphere — the side wired to the right side of the body — the right hand ends up dominant in most people. However, this theory gets a big blow from the fact that not all right-handed people control speech in the left hemisphere, while half oflefties do. Perplexing.

    Like all other female apes, women’s breasts fill with milk when they have newborn babies to feed. But female humans alone have bloated bosoms at all other times, too. Scientists can’t agree on what — or who — our “permanently enlarged breasts” are for. Most evolutionary biologists think breasts serve the purpose of attracting men, who get fooled into thinking a busty woman will make a great baby feeder (even though her breasts actually contain fat, not milk).

    breastfeeding.jpg
    Breastfeeding.

    Anthropologists, meanwhile, tend to think breasts evolved for women and babies, not men, noting that in many cultures, men don’t find big breasts remotely sexy. Florence Williams, author of “Breasts” (W.W. Norton, 2012), thinks women developed permanently enlarged bosoms to meet the greater energy needs of big-brained human babies. Hormones in breasts promote fat storage, and this stored fat gets released into milk during breast-feeding. In short, “breast fat goes toward forming the baby’s brain,” Williams told Life’s Little Mysteries. But the theory has yet to gain universal acceptance.

    Theories abound when it comes to pubes. Some say these coarse, curly tendrils are sexual ornaments — a visual signal of sexual maturity and a reservoir of smelly pheromones. Others think bushes keep our oh-so-precious nether regions cozy. Still others assert that they serve as padding, preventing chafing during sex. Whatever the reason, many modern people want this stuff gone.

    A couple of handfuls of your body aren’t actually your body. For every one of your cells, 10 microbes live inside you, and these hangers-on collectively compose a few pounds (1 to 3 percent) of your total weight. Some of this in-house fauna cleans our skin while some helps us digest food, but the bulk of these microbes contribute to our bodily functions in ways unknown. Healthy people even harbor low levels of harmful viruses, which appear to do something besides sicken us.

    “We’re just learning that the consequence of antibiotics is that when you get rid of the good bacteria in our guts, we can develop autoimmune diseases [such as allergies]. We’re not as advanced in our understanding of viruses. What do viruses do for us?” Vincent Racaniello, professor of microbiology and immunology at Columbia University, told Life’s Little Mysteries. Clearly, we’ve signed up for a whole bunch of symbiotic relationships, and have no idea what we’re getting out of the deal.

    The poor old human appendix gets lumped in with the likes of wisdom teeth, ear-wiggling muscles and our other useless evolutionary holdovers.

     

    /original/appendix.png
    The Appendix.

    The worm-shaped organ’s inconsequentiality seems proven by the fact that it can be removed with no obvious drawbacks. But biologists have recently begun to question the long-held assumption of appendix pointlessness. Some suggest it may help train the immune system during fetal development. Other research indicates the organ serves as a “safe house” for the bacteria that aid in digestion, holding a secret stash of microbes that repopulate the rest of the digestive tract after gut-evacuating bouts of diarrhea. The word “appendix” means afterthought. But maybe, just maybe, it isn’t one.

    How do the 100 trillion neural connections in our brains work together to create the feeling of being alive? Many great thinkers consider consciousness to be the biggest mystery not just of the human body, but the biggest one, period. As the neuroscientist V.S. Ramachandran put it, “[A]ny single brain, including yours, is made up of atoms that were forged in the hearts of countless, far-flung starsbillions of years ago. These particles drifted for eons and light-years until gravity and chance brought them together here, now. These atoms now form a conglomerate — your brain — that can not only ponder the very stars that gave it birth but can also think about its own ability to think and wonder about its own ability to wonder. With the arrival of humans, it has been said, the universe has suddenly become conscious of itself. This, truly, is the greatest mystery of all.”

    http://www.lifeslittlemysteries.com/2712-biggest-mysteries-human-body.html

     

     

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