Human trafficking has assumed serious proportions with the organised crime taking a major hand in the operations.
The main reason still remain
Prostitution,
Bonded/forced Labor,
Human Trafficking cuts across race nations.
There is traffic in Whites as well as Blacks: Adults, Children.
Yet it’s likely less than 1 percent of an estimated almost 21 million human trafficking victims worldwide are identified, according to Capitol Hill testimony given Tuesday by Bradley Myles, executive director and CEO of Polaris Project, a non-profit that combats human trafficking….(townhall.com)
There re broadly three types of Human Trafficking..
Trafficking in women for sexual exploitation
This prevalent form of trafficking affects every region in the world, either as a source, transit or destination country. Women and children from developing countries, and from vulnerable parts of society in developed countries, are lured by promises of decent employment into leaving their homes and travelling to what they consider will be a better life. Victims are often provided with false travel documents and an organized network is used to transport them to the destination country, where they find themselves forced into sexual slavery and held in inhumane conditions and constant fear.
Trafficking for forced labour
Victims of this equally widespread form of trafficking come primarily from developing countries. They are recruited and trafficked using deception and coercion and find themselves held in conditions of slavery in a variety of jobs. Men, women and children are engaged in agricultural and construction work, domestic servitude and other labour-intensive jobs.
Commercial sexual exploitation of children in tourism
This crime type has been apparent in Asia for many years and has now taken hold in Africa as well as Central and South America. The phenomenon is promoted by the growth of inexpensive air travel and the relatively low risk of prohibition and prosecution in these destinations for engaging in sexual relations with minors.
Trafficking in organs
Trafficking in humans for the purpose of using their organs, in particular kidneys, is a rapidly growing field of criminal activity. In many countries, waiting lists for transplants are very long, and criminals have seized this opportunity to exploit the desperation of patients and potential donors. The health of victims, even their lives, is at risk as operations may be carried out in clandestine conditions with no medical follow-up. An ageing population and increased incidence of diabetes in many developed countries is likely to increase the requirement for organ transplants and make this crime even more lucrative.
Although EU Member States reported identified and presumed victims from different sources of
information, as they were requested, it is the police which remains the predominant source. Since not all
Member States were able to provide all the required information, the key findings below are not all based
on the same national datasets.
Identified and presumed victims
In the countries reporting data for 2008, 2009 and 2010, the number of identified and
presumed victims increased by 18 % between 2008 and 2010.
The profile of victims by gender and age was 68 % women, 17 % men, 12 % girls and 3 %
boys.
The majority of the identified and presumed victims over the three reference years are
trafficked for sexual exploitation (62 %). Trafficking for forced labour (25 %) comes second
and trafficking in other forms such as trafficking for the removal of organs, for criminal
activities or for selling of children follow with much smaller percentages (14 % all together).
The majority of the identified and presumed victims over the three reference years are from
EU Member States (61 %). The percentage of male EU citizens trafficked within the EU is
74 % and the percentage of female EU citizens trafficked in the EU is 66 %.
The percentage of identified and presumed victims from non-EU Member States increased
over the three years, from 12 % in 2008 to 37 % in 2010 for the male victims and from 18 %
to 39 % for the female victims.
Most victims detected in EU Member States are citizens from Romania and Bulgaria.
Most victims having citizenship outside of the EU Member States are from Nigeria and
China.
The number of residence permits for victims of human trafficking having citizenship outside
of the EU in 2010 was 1 196 in the 19 Member States able to provide the information.
Traffickers
In the countries reporting data for 2008, 2009 and 2010, the number of suspected traffickers
fell by 17 % between 2008 and 2010.
75 % of the suspected traffickers are male.
Over the three reference years, 84 % of the suspected traffickers detected trafficked human
beings for sexual exploitation. Around 12 % trafficked for forced labour and 3 % for other
forms of exploitation.
The report shows that in 2008 67 % of the prosecuted traffickers in the EU had citizenship of
an EU Member State. This percentage increased to 75 % in 2009 and 76 % in 2010.
In the countries reporting data for 2008, 2009 and 2010, the number of convictions for
trafficking in human beings decreased by 13 % between 2008 and 2010.”..
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According to the nation-wide census held in 2011, there are 940 females for every 1000 males in India. While the figures at a national level are disturbing, the State of Rajasthan accounts for an even lower sex ratio of 926 females for every 1000 males. The difference between 926 and 1000 seems small at first. However, Rajasthan has a population of 68,621,012 out of which 35,620,086 persons are male and 33,000,926 are female. With the natural human sex ratio being approximately 1:1, it is found that 2,619,160 females are ‘missing’ from the population of Rajasthan.
In 2012 Rajasthan had 308 cases filed under the Pre-Conception, Pre-Natal and Diagnostics Techniques (PCPNDT) Act 1994 against sex-selection abortion, which was the highest in the country. However, according to unofficial estimates, 2,500 baby girls fall prey to female foeticide or infanticide every single day in Rajasthan. Though the grand old patriarchs of clans practicing femicide continue to pride themselves over producing only sons, their systematic, mass-scale and merciless murders of their daughters are not only gross violations of a human being’s basic human right to life but they also present a predicament to the position of their precious sons in society. In a culture where marriage is seen as a universal and inevitable eventuality, the genocide of females leaves a significant number of men without partners; and so, the buying and selling of women as ‘brides’ prospers.
Bride trafficking is forced sale, purchase and resale of girls and women in the name of marriage. Girls and women are kidnapped or lured into bride trafficking and sold, raped and/or married off without their consent only to end up as a slaves and bonded labourers at the mercy of the men and their families, who have ‘bought’ them.
Bride trafficking is also commonly called bride buying – a strange term because despite their sale, these ‘brides’ are no commodities. They are real, living females who are victims of trafficking. They are just as human as any of us. How can anyone truly buy another living being?
According to Global Voices approximately 90% of the 200,000 humans trafficked in India every year are victims of inter-state trafficking and are sold within the country. The states of Haryana, Punjab and Rajasthan are major destinations of trafficked ‘brides’. It is hardly surprising that these states also account for the most skewed sex ratios in the country. Although the buying and selling of brides was a well documented historic practice in undivided India, lives of today’s trafficked girls and women are cloaked in secrecy because neither do they have a voice, nor do they have the social-mobility or resources to acquire one and raise it.
Resources and For more:
http://www.interpol.int/Member-countries/Asia-South-Pacific/India
http://justiceforwomenindia.wordpress.com/tag/trafficking-statistics-in-india/
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