Tag: Rigveda

  • Who Are The Ancient Rishis Priests Of Rig Veda

    Vedas are earliest Literature recorded in Human History.

    This,along with the other Three Vedas,Yajur( Sukla and Krishna),Sama and Atharva forms the basic reference authority on everything related to Hinduism

    The words of the Vedas are final

    Each Veda has four parts.

    They are,

    Samhitas,

    • The Samhitas consists of hymns of praise of Gods
    • The Brahmanas are rituals and prayers to guide the priests in their duties.
    • The Aranyakas concern worship and meditation.
    • The Upanishads consist of the mystical and philosophical teachings of Hinduism.

    This corresponds to the Four Stations of Life

    Brahmacharya,the life of celibacy and studentship,Samhitas)

    Gruhastha,Married Life,( Brahmanas)

    Vanaprastha,Retired Life,when one having completed his family responsibilities meditates on the Reality of Brahman,preferably in a forest.(Aranyaka) and

    Sanyasin,the State of total renunciation,seeking answers to Life and Realizing Self( Upanishad)

    Though each stage of Life is called Asrama,Station of Tranquility is connected one aspect of  the Vedas,there is no bar in learning all the components of the Vedas,though one is advised to practice what is meant for his Station,Asrama.

    Of these Four Vedas,the Rig Veda is the oldest.

    The Vedas were compiled by Seers,called Rishis.

    The Vedas are meant to be heard and learnt.

    They were transmitted orally,never in a written form,though they were written on Palm leaves.

    These Rishis are numerous.

    Each Mantra has a Rishi.

    So there are many Rishis who complied the Vedas.

    But the earliest,first Rishis who performed the Duties of Priests are Ten.

    These Families represent the First Rishis of the Vedas.

    They are,

    1. ANgirases,
    2. BhRgus,
    3. ViSvAmitras,
    4. VasiSThas,
    5. Agastyas,
    6. KaSyapas 
    7. Atris,
    8. Kevala-ANgirases (KaNvas in the Rigveda)
    9. Kevala-BhRgus (GRtsamadas in the Rigveda).
    10.  Bharatas.*   

    * This family does not figure as a separate family in later priestly traditions, which place kings who became RSis among either the ANgirases or the BhRgus.

  • Rig Yajur Sama Atharva Vedas Personified Images

     

    The scriptures of the Hindus, the Vedas, four in number, are the highest truths revealed to the seers.

    The refrain of the Vedas is self-realization.

    The core of the Vedas do not advocate Idol worship but a Higher Reality, Brahman , whose attributes are Being, Consciousness and Bliss-Sat, Chit and Ananda.

    However idol worship is allowed to concentrate the mind.

    The Four Vedas are.

    Rig Veda- consisting of Hymns.

    Yajur Veda, dealing with duties.

    Sama Veda, essentially the Rig Veda set to Tones.

    Atharva Veda, dealing with practical life, including Black Magic.

    Please read my posts on the Vedas and god with and without form.

    I have searched the images of the Vedas personified.

    I could not find them.

    I found them in Subrahmanya Samajam, Nallakunta, Hyderabad, where I had been to attend a function.

    Here they are.

     

     

     

     

    This slideshow requires JavaScript.

     

    The Yajur Veda personified
    The Yajur Veda Personified.

     

    Hindu scripture sama veda personified.
    Hindu scripture Sama veda personified.
    Hindu scripture Atharva veda personified.
    Hindu scripture Atharva veda personified.
  • Beef Eating Allowed in The Vedas Mahabharata?

    There has been reports of a Man belonging to Muslim community being beaten by a mob for eating Beef.

    In this connection I received a mail  as follows.

    ‘I saw this post in FB.  Though I do agree that lynching someone for suspecting eating of beef is quire unacceptable.  But the quotes in the post, seems to take a distorted view of our scriptures.  Would you pl enlighten on this topic ?’

    The mail detailed quotes from the Mahabharata and the Upanishads that people, even rishis wee eating beef ding the Sanatana dhama period.

    My view is that it looks that people were eating meat during the Vedic period.

    I have provided  quotes which indicate meat-eating and those that prohibit it.

    The explanations trying to explain away beef eating seems to me laboured and lack conviction.

    Cow Being worshiped. Cow Being worshiped.

    Another point often made in this connection is that the animal slain in the Yagnya were given life , they reached Heaven.

    Bt the point is they were slain!

    On consideration it looks to me that people were eating meat/beef and later it was prohibited.

    A society has all sorts of people, some good, some bad and some indifferent.

    One should remember that Vedic people were also humans  and were open to Human foibles.

    We had Rama and Ravana;Kishna and Kamsa, Sakuni, Yudhishta and Duyodhana and Duchchatana.

    Mahabharata and Ramayana are facts , Valmiki and Vyasa ecoded facts.

    Had they wanted they could have painted Rama without blemish(killing Vali) , Krishna with out His Machiavellian schemes to win the Mahabharata War.

    They portrayed society as it was.

    As they people rose spiritually and found higher values they changed their Lifestyle and values.

    Just as condemning everything modern is wrong, it is equally incorrect to say that whatever the Vedic people did was right.

    And our mission should be to take what is Right in relation to Lifestyle  and advanced scientific concepts.

    And savour the treasure called Hinduism…

    The path to Realization as explained by the Upanishads.

    Cow worshiped , Beef eating prohibited in Vedas.

    Aghnyeyam saa vardhataam mahate soubhagaaya

    Rigveda 1.164.27
    Cow – The aghnya – brings us health and prosperity

    Suprapaanam Bhavatvaghnyaayaah
    Rigveda 5.83.8
    There should be excellent facility for pure water for Aghnya Cow

    Yah paurusheyena kravishaa samankte yo ashwena pashunaa yaatudhaanah

    Yo aghnyaayaa bharati ksheeramagne teshaam sheershaani harasaapi vrishcha
    Rigveda 10.87.16

    Those who feed on human, horse or animal flesh and those who destroy milk-giving Aghnya cows should be severely punished.

    Vimucchyadhvamaghnyaa devayaanaa aganma
    Yajurveda 12.73
    The Aghnya cows and bulls bring you prosperity

    Bhagavata Purana:

    “Those who are ignorant of real dharma and, though wicked and haughty, account themselves virtuous, kill animals without any feeling of remorse or fear of punishment. Further, in their next lives, such sinful persons will be eaten by the same creatures they have killed in this world.” (Bhagavata Purana 11.5.14)

    Beef eating in Vedas.

    Rigveda (10/85/13) declares, “On the occasion of a girl’s marriage oxen and cows are slaughtered.”
    Fact: The mantra states that in winter, the rays of sun get weakened and then get strong again in spring. The word used for sun-rays in ‘Go’ which also means cow and hence the mantra can also be translated by making ‘cow’ and not ‘sun-rays’ as the subject. The word used for ‘weakened’ is ‘Hanyate’ which can also mean killing. But if that be so, why would the mantra go further and state in next line (which is deliberately not translated) that in spring, they start regaining their original form.

    How can a cow killed in winter regain its health in spring? This amply proves how ignorant and biased communists malign Vedas.
    Claim: Rigveda (6/17/1) states that “Indra used to eat the meat of cow, calf, horse and buffalo.”

    Fact: The mantra states that brilliant scholars enlighten the world in the manner that wood enhances the fire of Yajna. I fail to understand from where did Avtar Gill and his friends discover Indra, cow, calf, horse and buffalo in this mantra!”

    Narada said, ‘Rantideva, the son of Srinjaya, we hear, fell a prey to death. That high-souled king had two hundred thousand cooks to distribute excellent food, raw and cooked, like unto Amrita, unto the Brahmanas, by day and by night, who might come to his house as guests. 1 The king gave away unto the Brahmanas his wealth acquired by righteous means. Having studied the Vedas, he subjugated his foes in fair fight. Of rigid vows and always engaged in due performance of sacrifices, countless animals, desirous of going to heaven, used to come to him of their own accord. 2 So large was the number of animals sacrificed in the Agnihotra of that king that the secretions flowing from his kitchen from the heaps of skins deposited there caused a veritable river which from this circumstance, came to be called theCharmanwati3 He, incessantly gave away nishkas of bright gold unto the Brahmanas, ‘I give thee nishkas.’ ‘I give thee nishkas,’ these were the words incessantly uttered by him. ‘I give thee,’ ‘I give thee’ saying these words he gave away thousands of nishkas. And once again, with soft words to the Brahmanas, he gave away nishkas. Having given away, in course of a single day, one crore of such coins, he thought that he had given away very little. And, therefore, he would give away more. Who else is there that would be able to give what

    p. 130

    he gave? The king gave away wealth, thinking, If I do not give wealth in the hands of Brahmanas, great and eternal grief, without doubt, will be mine.’ For a hundred years, every fortnight, he gave unto thousands of Brahmanas a golden bull into each, followed by a century of kine and eight hundred pieces of nishkas. All the articles that were needed for his Agnihotra, and all that were needed for his other sacrifices, he gave away unto the Rishis, including Karukas 1 and water-pots and plates and beds and carpets and vehicles, and mansions and houses, and diverse kinds of trees, and various kinds of viands. Whatever utensils and articles Rantideva possessed were of gold. They that are acquainted with the history of ancient times seeing the superhuman affluence of Rantideva, sing this song, viz., ‘We have not seen such accumulated treasures even in the abode of Kuvera; what need be said, therefore, of human beings?’ And people wonderingly said, Without doubt, the kingdom of Rantideva is made of gold. 2 On such nights, when guests were assembled in the abode of Rantideva, one and twenty thousand kine were sacrificed (for feeding them). And yet the royal cook adorned with begemmed ear-rings, had to cry out, saying, ‘Eat as much soup as you like, for, of meat, there is not as much today as in other days. Whatever gold was left belonging to Rantideva, he gave even that remnant away unto the Brahmanas during the progress of one of his sacrifices. In his very sight the gods used to take the libations of clarified butter poured into the fire for them, and the Pitris the food that was offered to them, in Sraddhas. And all superior Brahmanas used to obtain from him (the means of gratifying) all their desires. When he died, O Srinjaya, who was superior to thee in respect of the four cardinal virtues and who, superior to thee was, therefore, much superior to thy son, thou shouldst not, saying, ‘Oh, Swaitya, Oh, Swaitya,’ grieve for the latter who performed no sacrifice and made no sacrificial present.’”


    Footnotes

    129:1 The Bengal reading of the second line of the second verse is vicious. At any rate, the Bombay reading is better.

    129:2 Animals slain in sacrifices are believed to go to heaven.

    Citations.

    http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m07/m07064.htm

    http://www.thespiritualscientist.com/2012/01/do-the-vedic-literature-allow-meat-eating-did-hinduism-adopt-vegetarianism-from-buddhism/

    http://agniveer.com/no-beef-in-vedas/

  • Veda Shakhas Brahmin Distribution Region wise

    Vedas, the basic referral text of Hindus is a highly organized one.

    There are four Vedas, Rig, Yajur, Sama and Atharva Veda.

    Each Veda has four divisions,

    Samhitas or Hymns.

    Texts of Sanatana Dharma, Hinduism.png Texts of Sanatana Dharma, Hinduism.

    Brahmanas, Rituals.

    Aranyakas, to be recited in the forest and

    Upanishads, containing the highest Knowledge of Reality, Brahman.

    Veda has  two sub divisions.

    Shukla and Krishna Yajur.

    These Hymns have Sukhthas in them which are in praise of  Deities and they are also explanation of Cosmology.

    Some of them are also addressed to curing diseases .

    These texts have been classified by Rishis.

    Each Veda has many Branches. called Shakhas.

    A shakha (Sanskrit śākhā, “branch” or “limb”), is a Hindu theological school that specializes in learning certain Vedic texts, or else the traditional texts followed by such a school.[3][4] An individual follower of a particular school or recension is called a śākhin.[5] The term is also used in Hindu philosophy to refer to an adherent of a particular orthodox system.

    A related term caraṇa, (“conduct of life” or “behavior”) is also used to refer to such a Vedic school:[7] “although the words caraṇa andśākhā are sometimes used synonymously, yet caraṇa properly applies to the sect or collection of persons united in one school, andśākhā to the traditional text followed, as in the phrase śākhām adhite, (“he recites a particular version of the Veda”)”.[4] The schools have different points of view, described as “difference of (Vedic) school” (śākhābhedaḥ). Each school would learn a specific VedicSaṃhita (one of the “four Vedas” properly so-called), as well as its associated Brahmana, Aranyakas, Shrautasutras, Grhyasutrasand Upanishads.

    The traditional source of information on the shakhas of each Veda is the Caraṇa-vyūha, of which two, mostly similar, versions exist: the 49th pariśiṣṭa of the Atharvaveda, ascribed to Shaunaka, and the 5thpariśiṣṭa of the Śukla (White) Yajurveda, ascribed to Kātyāyana. These have lists of the numbers of recensions that were believed to have once existed as well as those still extant at the time the works were compiled. Only a small number of recensions have survived.

    Rig Veda

    Śaunaka‘s Caraṇa-vyuha lists five shakhas for the Rig Veda, the Śākala, Bāṣkala, Aśvalāyana, Śaṅkhāyana, and Māṇḍukāyana of which only the Śākala and Bāṣkala are now extant. The Bashkala recension of the Rigveda has the Khilani which are not present in the Shakala text but is preserved in one Kashmir manuscript (now at Pune). The Shakala has the Aitareya-Brahmana, The Bashkala has the Kausitaki-Brahmana.

    There is, however, Sutra literature from the Aśvalāyana shakha, both a shrauta sutra and a grhya sutra, both surviving with a commentary (vrtti) by Gargya Naranaya. Gargya Naranaya’s commentary was based on the longer commentary or bhashya by Devasvamin, written in the 11th century.

    Yajur Veda

    Śaunaka‘s Caraṇa-vyuha lists forty-two or forty-four out of eighty-six shakhas for the Yajur Veda, but that only five of these are now extant, with a sixth partially extant. For the Yajur Veda the five (partially in six) shakhas are the (Vajasaneyi Madhandina, Kanva; Taittiriya, Maitrayani, Caraka-Katha, Kapisthala-Katha).

    The Yajurvedin shakhas are divided in Shukla (White) and Krishna (Black) schools. The White recensions have separate Brahmanas, while the Black ones have their(much earlier) Brahmanas interspersed between the Mantras.

    • Shukla Yajurveda: Vājasaneyi Samhita Madhyandina (VSM), Vājasaneyi Samhita Kānva (VSK): Shatapatha Brahmana (ShBM, ShBK)
    • Krishna Yajurveda: Taittirīya Saṃhita (TS) with an additional Brahmana, Taittiriya Brahmana (TB), Maitrayani Saṃhita (MS), Caraka-Katha Saṃhita (KS), Kapiṣṭhala-Katha Saṃhita (KapS).
    • Citation.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shakha#Krishna

    for more on Vedas check my Posts by Googling Vedas ramanan50.

    Shukla

    Shakha Samhita Brahmana Aranyaka Upanishad
    Madhyandina (VSM) Currently recited by all over North Indian Brahmins and by Deshastha Brahmins Madhyandina Shatapatha (SBM) survives as Shatapatha XIV.1-8, with accents. Brihadaranyaka Upanishad= SBM XIV. 3-8, with accents, Ishavasya Upanishad = VSM 40
    Kanva (VSK) Currently recited by Utkala Brahmins, Kannada Brahmins, Karhade Brahmins and few Iyers Kanva Shatapatha (SBK)(different from madhyandina) survives as book XVII of SBK Brihadaranyaka Upanishad=SBK,with accents, Ishavasya Upanishad = VSK 40
    Katyayana

    Krishna

    Shakha Samhita Brahmana Aranyaka Upanishad
    Taittiriya TS,Present all over South India and in Konkan Taittiriya Brahmana (TB) and Vadhula Br. (part of Vadhula Srautrasutra) Taittiriya Aranyaka (TA) Taittiriya Upanishad (TU)
    Maitrayani MS,Recited by few Brahmins in Nasik virtually same as the Upanishad Maitrayaniya Upanishad
    Caraka-Katha Katha Aranyaka (almost the entire text from a solitary manuscript) Kathaka Upanishad, Katha-Shiksha Upanishad
    Kapishthala KapS (fragmentary manuscript, only first sections accented), edited (without accents) by Raghu Vira.

    Sama Veda

    Śaunaka‘s Caraṇa-vyuha lists twelve shakhas for the Sama Veda out of a thousand that are said to have once existed, but that of these only one or perhaps two are still extant. The two Samaveda recensions are the Jaiminiya and Kauthuma.

    The Kauthuma shakha has the PB, SadvB, the Jaiminiya shakha has the Jaiminiya Brahmana.

    Shakha Samhita Brahmana Aranyaka Upanishad
    Kauthuma edited,Recited by all over North and in South India[citation needed] edited (8 Brahmanas in all), no accents None. The Samhita itself has the ‘Aranyaka’. Chandogya Upanishad
    Ranayaniya Manuscripts of Samhita exist.Recited byGokarna[disambiguation needed],and Deshastha Brahmins[citation needed] Same as Kauthuma with minor differences. None. The Samhita itself has the ‘Aranyaka’. Same as Kauthuma.
    Jaiminiya/Talavakara Samhita edited.Recited by Nambudiris and choliyal of Tamil nadu[citation needed] Two distinct styles of Saman recitation, partially recorded and published.[citation needed] Brahmana published (without accents) – Jaiminiya Brahmana, Arsheya Brahmana Tamil Nadu version of Talavakara Aranyaka (=Jaiminiya Upanishad Brahmana) published[citation needed] Kena Upanishad
    Shatyayana

    Atharva Veda

    Only one shakha of an original nine is now extant for the Atharvaveda. The nine sakhas were Paippalada, Tauda, Mauda, Shaunakiya, Jajala, Jalada, Brahmavada, Devadarsa and Chaarana-Vaidya.

    The Shaunaka is the only shakha of the Atharvaveda for which both printed texts and an active oral tradition are known to still exist.

    For the Atharvaveda, both the Shaunakiya and the Paippalada traditions contain textual corruptions, and the original text of the Atharvaveda may only be approximated from comparison between the two.

    Shakha Samhita Brahmana Aranyaka Upanishad
    Shaunaka AVS, edited and recited by all over North India and South India Fragmentary Gopatha Brahmana (extant and published), no accents. Mundaka Upanishad (?) published.
    Paippalada AVP; recited by Utkala Brahmins as samhita patha only. otherwise, two manuscripts survive: Kashmiri (mostly edited) and Oriya (partly edited, by Dipak Bhattacharya and others, unaccented) lost,similar to that of Gopatha Brahmana Prashna Upanishad, Sharabha Upanishad etc. – all edited.[citation needed]
  • Morality For the Society First By Sanatana Dharma To World

    Sometimes I receive interesting comments.

    They are straight from the heart, they do not pretend they know things even though many may find it difficult to admit.

    In an Ocean called Hinduism., one gets doubts all the time and one is encouraged to question it.

    Atharva Veda on Effort. Atharva Veda on Effort.

    When I keep posting on researched articles, I find people are interested, intrigued and many have started reading Sanatana Dharma Texts, setting aside the prejudice of them being myths(propagated by the west) in anew Light.

    At the same time they get some  doubts and they convey it to me.

    Some through direct email or by comments to the Posts .

    One such comment is below.

    ‘Even though I am Hindu and yeah I don’t believe in idol worshipping but sometimes I doubt what was the first society or first rules made on earth whether it’s Hinduism or other Relevant religion.. Please can u light on some confusion’

    It requires a Hinduism to  allow you to say that you do not follow some of its tenets and yet say I am a Hindu!

    Sanatana dharma does not call it as heresy.

    It calls it as enquiry which it feels it ought to clarify and clear.

    As to the Moral principles rules by a society for the first time in the world, it is undoubtedly Hinduism.

    It is in the form of Vedas.

    Vedas are nothing but the exposition of Dharma, loosely translated as righteousness.

    It is much more than that.

    Dharma is the Natural state of Being, unsullied by experience.

    The effort of the Vedas lie in the direction of making the Pure Self to realize its pristine nature.

    In this effort many deities are worshiped in the abstract form, which later became Gods with forms.

    For more on this please read my posts.

    Does God have Name and Form

    Why many Gods in Hinduism

    In this endeavour, Hinduism lays down rules throughout the Vedas.

    Right from the Rig Veda, which states,

    ‘bathram karnebi srunuyaama devaa”

    Let Noble thoughts reach my ears from all directions, thereby indicating what is good and what is not Good.

    As disipline for a Man the Taittriya Explains the duties and responsibilities of an individual.

    In Shikshavalli,

    Bhriguvalli,

    Narayanavalli, and Ananadavalli.

    In this the responsibility of a celibate, householder,the semi renounced, and the renounced are explained in detail

    Not only this.

    These texts expalin the necessity of respecting nature,Plants, animals, food, air.

    Shikshavaali begins with ‘Annanna Nindhyaath Tat vratahm’

    Take a Vow,

    Never insult food( By not taking it or wasting it or eat alone

    Goes on to add,

    It is because of food one lives and one is made of food.

    If a religion can pay so much respect to such an intricate issue, by making it a part of Teaching syllabus at the beginning, can there be any doubt which Religion, Society gave the first Rules to the Mankind?

    It is Sanatana Dharma, first through the Vedas later through the Smritis, Manu Smriti being one of them.

    • I shall be writing in detail on Taittiya Mantra Kosa.