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Tag: Aranyaka

  • What Are Veda Suktas Samhitas Detailed List

    The Vedas are the Scriptures of the Hindus, transmitted Orally for over Five Thousand years.

     

    These are Four in Number and each of them are divided into Four portions,

    Rig Veda Mantra on Agni,Fire
    Rig Veda Mantra on Agni,Fire

    Samhita,which consists predominantly of Hymns.   Bahmnanas, which mainly speak of duties to be performed by a House-holder,

     

    Aranyakas, which contain instructions to be followed when one retires to forest and meditates on The Reality and

     

    The Upanishads, which are inquiries into the Nature of the elf and/Reality.

     

    For more on Vedas please read pots filed under Indian Philosophy/Hinduism.   Samhitas mean ‘Compilation of Knowledge.’

     

     

    • The Samhitas form the first part of each of the four Vedas. As Samhita is the collection of the mantras, so sometimes Samhitas are referred to as Mantras. Most of these mantras or hymns are concerned with nature and deities.

     

    Every Veda contains Mantras / Suktas   सूक्त sUkta n. Vedic hymn 
    सूक्त sUkta n. song of praise 
    सूक्त sUkta adj. well or properly said or recited
    सूक्त sUkta adj. well said 
    सूक्त sUkta n. wise saying 

     Vedic Suktas: 


    A Suktam is a part or portion of Vedic verses in praise of a Deity or group of Deities to please accordingly, and to have a desire fulfilled.

     

    Many Suktas are simple Prayers without any specific mundane goal, the goal being Self Realization.

     

    Each Mantra is of any of these three types.

     

    Rik- Metrical and obeys one of any 100 defined Meters, Verse of Illumination.

     

    Yajur Mantra is Prose.

     

    Sama is detailed rhythmic  singing of A Mantra.

     

    Rig Veda and Atharva Veda have only Rks.

     

    Yajur has both Rk and Yajur(Prose)

     

    There are common verses in both Rig Veda and Yajur Veda Samhitas.

     

    Rig Veda Samhita.

     

    “This is the oldest Vedic text, as also the largest.

     

    It comprises of 10552 mantras in 1028 hymns (=Suktas).

     

    The hymns are divided amongst 10 books called the ‘mandalas’.

     

    Mandala 9 has 114 hymns address to Soma. Mandalas 1 and 10 are considered later additions, for most part.

     

    The Rigveda Samhita is often also divided into 8 parts called ‘Ashtakas’ which are further divided into 8 chapters each.

     

    Thus, there are 64 chapters according to this classification, which is later than the Mandala scheme’.

     

    Sama Veda Samhitas have 1875 Riks.

     

    Yajur Veda.

     

    Shukla Yajur has 3988 Mantras.

     

    Krishna Yajur 700 Mantras.

     

    Atharva Veda Samhita   Atharvaveda Samhitas are Shaunakiya and Paippalada.

     

    The former has 5977 mantras arranged in 20 books called ‘kandas’ while the latter has approximately 7950 mantras arranged in as many kandas.

     

    List of Suktas.

    • From Rigveda
      • aa no bhadraa suukta
      • aayushya suukta
      • aghamarshhaNa suukta
      • Agni Suktam [09:11]
      • akshiibhyam te suukta
      • Alakshmee Naashana Suktam [01:18]
      • Ambhrnee Suktam [02:33]
      • Anna Suktam [14:49]
      • Apratiratham,
      • Baliththaa Suktam [01:42]………………..10
      • Bhagya Suktam [02:07]
      • bhUsUkta
      • Brahma,
      • Brahmanaagni Suktam [01:20]
      • Brahmanaspati,
      • Dasa Shanti
      • devIsukta
      • Dhruva Suktam [02:32]
      • Durgasuktam
      • duurvaa suukta……………………………..20
      • Ganapathy Suktam [18:48]
      • Gharma Suktam [02:50]
      • Ghosashanthi
      • Gnana Suktam [03:32]
      • Go Suktam [02:45]
      • Hiranyagarbha Suktam [03:10]
      • Keshee Suktam [01:42]
      • Kumara,
      • Manyu Suktam [04:30]
      • Manyu Suktam [07:18]…………………….30
      • medha suukta
      • mruttikaa suukta
      • Nakshatra Suktam [10:04]
      • nArAyaNasUkta
      • nAsadIya sUkta
      • Nashta Dravya Prapti Suktam [01:51]
      • Nathamamhona Suktam [02:12]
      • Navagraha Mantraha [08:42]
      • niiLaa suukta
      • Oshadhi Suktam [05:25]…………………..40
      • Pancha Suktam
      • Panchashanthi
      • Patanga Suktam [01:15]
      • Pavamaana Suktam [02:50]
      • Purusha Suktam [03:53]
      • Raja Yakshma Naashana Suktam [01:40]
      • Rakshogna Suktam [10:16]
      • Rathree Suktam [01:34]
      • Rishabha Suktam [01:24]
      • roganirvaaNa suukta………………………..50
      • Rudra Suktam [11:39]
      • sa.nGYAnasUkta
      • Samudra Suktam [03:28]
      • sarasvatii suukta
      • Saraswathi Suktam [09:50]
      • Sarpa,
      • Shanti Mantraha [22:27]
      • shrI sUkta
      • Sowra Suktam [14:00]
      • Sraddha Suktam [01:26]……………………60
      • Srisuktam
      • trisuparNa mantra
      • Vaastu Suktam [01:38]
      • Vaayu Suktam [01:24]
      • Varunasuktam
      • Vishnu Suktam1 [11:17]
      • Vishnu Suktam2 [00:44]
      • Viswakarma Suktam [03:52]
      • Vivaha Mantraha [11:46]
      • Yakshma Naashana Suktam [01:44]………70
    • (FrommahaanaaraayaNopanishhat)
      • duurvaa suukta
      • mruttikaa suukta
      • aghamarshhaNa suukta
      • trisuparNa mantra (to be chanted during serving of food)

    Citations. Vedic Samhitas Brahmanas  pdf.   Sanskrit documents     Related articles

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  • Vedas Essential Details

    I am providing some essential information on the Vedas, The Sacred Text of the Hindus.

    Vedas are transmitted by word of mouth and it is ordained that The Vedas must be learned by “Listening’

    Though Five thousand years have passed , the intonation across the length and breadth of India or wherever the Vedas are recited, there is no difference  in the Text or intonation.

    If there is a variation, as it does in some texts, recitation, it has been grouped and one who knows the Vedas  follows only what is ordained for him .

    The Veds, Hindu Scripture
    The Vedas

    The Vedas are four in Number.

    Rig, Yajur, Sama and Atharva.

    Yajur has Sukla Yajur and Krishna Yajur.

    The Vedas were compiled, not composed by Ved Vyas.

    The term Vyas means ‘Compiler’.

    He gave it to his four disciples,

    Rig Veda to Pailar,

    Yajur Veda to Vysampayana,

    Sama to Jaimini and

    Atharva to Sumanthu.

    ( Sage Yagnavalkya compiled the Sukla Yajur after having learnt it directly from Surya , the Sun God, for more on this read my post Sukla Yajur)

    The disciples of these four transmitted the Vedas through their disciples and this practice continues even to-day.

    There are 1181 Sakais(Divisons)

    Rig Veda has 21,

    Yajur 101,

    Sama 1000 and

    Atharva 9

    * 50 Saakais are not accounted for here.There is another information which differs as to the number, see the Link.

    Out of this only Nine are available and are being practiced now.

    They are,

    Saakala Saakai-Rig veda,1

    Sukla Yajur, Kaanvam and Madhyandhinam-2

    Krishna Yajur Taittriyam and Maitrayaneeyam-2

    Sama Veda, Gauthama,Raanayaneeyam,Jaimini 3,

    Atharva Veda Saunakam and Paippalaatham 2

    Sayanachariar had written the Commentary, Bhashyam for all the Vedas.

    Rig Veda belongs to Hotha Gana,

    Yajur Athvaryu,

    Sama Veda Uthkaathru,

    Atharva, Santhika and Paushtika and in Yagas relate to Brahma.

    Each Veda has,

    Samhitas, Hymns addressed to Devatas and Mantras,

    Brahmanas,explain the duties relating to daily ife and performance of Yagas and Yagnas,

    Aranyakas, continuation of  the Brahmanas and

    Upanishads deal with the knowlege of Reality, Brahman

    Rig Veda Brahmanas- Aithreyam,Kausheetaki:; Aithearanyakam and Aithreyopanishad, Kaushakyaaranyakam and Kayshathheylupanishad,

    Yajur Veda.

    Taittriya Brahmana,Taittriya Aranyaka,Taittriya,Svetasvara, Katha, and Maithryani  Upanishads.-Krishna Yajur.

    Sathapatha Brahmana , Bruhatharanyaka and Isavasya Upanishads-Sukla Yajur.

    Sama Veda, Aranyakeya Ganam,Chandokya UpanishadSama Vidhan Brahmanam,Devathaathyaya Vamsam.samhithoupanishad Brahmanam,Thalavakaara/Jaimini Brahmanam,Panchavimsa Brahmanam,Arshveya Brahmanm

    Atharva veda,

    Gopatha Brahmanam,Prasna, Mundaka,Mandukya,Jaabala,Nadhabindu,Kaivaya andNrusimhathaapini Upanishads.

    More to follow on Veda Sutras.

    Slightly different information at,

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vedas

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  • Purusha Suktam Verse 1 Reality Two Fingers Breadth

    Purusha sukta (puruṣasūkta, पुरुष सूक्त) is hymn 10.90 of the Rigveda, dedicated to the Purusha, the “Cosmic Being”

    Purusha means ‘Male’ in Sanskrit.

    Purusha in Tantric system
    Tantric representation of Purusha.

    Here in the Purusha Sukta the term is applied to mean a Principle,which is virile containing the seeds of Immanence.

    (Feminists need not take offence for this term contains, in this context, Female Principle Prakriti is immanent.

    As the explanation is about things before creation some term is to be used ”He’; is used and She is not used because the import of the Female term is different.This will be clear as the explanation will reveal later)

    The Purusha ukta describe the process of manifestation as Indian Philosophy does not use the term Creation, but only manifestation.

    Creation involves bringing forth some thing new which has not been in Existence before.

    As everything is Eternal there is no question of Creating something.

    Contrary to what many belive the Pursh Sukta is not about Vishnu or Narayana.

    Separate Suktam on these Deities appeat later as Narayan Suktam and Sri Vishnu Suktam.

    While Narayana is an Amsa of Purusha, Visnu is an Amsa of Narayana.

    As Lakshmi and Durga are.

    Therefore to complete the Chanting one has to recite all the Five Suktas .

    This is the actual Panchamrutha. not the dish we prepare and offer to God as an item to bathe Him with.

    When some one says in the Pooja, whether in the Temples or Homes, Panchamrutha Snanam Samarppayami, the Five Suktas are to be chanted.

    The Vedas have Four Parts,

    Samhitas, which contain Prayers to Gods,

    Brahmanas about the Oblations/Yagnas,

    Aranyakas, the efforts to realize Reality from the forest, and

    The Upanishads, where Reality is described.

    The Purusha Sukta is unique in that it contains all the four parts in one Sukta,

    Purusha Sukta appears in the Rig Veda 10.90 verses.

    सहस्रशीर्षा पुरुषः सहस्राक्षः सहस्रपात् ।
    स भूमिं विश्वतो वृत्वात्यतिष्ठद्दशाङुलम् ॥१॥
    Sahasra-Shiirssaa Purussah Sahasra-Akssah Sahasra-Paat |
    Sa Bhuumim Vishvato Vrtva-Atya[i]-Tisstthad-Dasha-Angulam ||1||

    Meaning:
    1.1: The Purusha (The Universal Being) has Thousand Heads, Thousand Eyes and Thousand Feet (Thousand signifies innumerable which points to the omnipresence of the Universal Being),
    1.2: He envelops the World from all sides (i.e. He pervades each part of the Creation), and extends beyond in the TenDirections ( represented by Ten Fingers ).

    Purusha-Reality,

    Sahsra Seersha-has over 1000 heads-In Sanskrit , innumerable is often called as ‘Sahasra’ or Thousand.

    Aksha-has 100 eyes(Aksha-eyes)

    Sahasrabath-has over 1000 feet.

    Bommim-The Earth,

    Viswatha-everywhere,

    Vruthvaa-Spread and immanent,

    Dasa Angulam-Stands at 10 Inches.

    Athyathishtath-Stands, remains.

    Angulam means ‘by a measurement of two fingers’

    “The fact that the unit of angulam of 1.763 cm could match very well the dimensions of historical monuments establishes the continuity of India’s engineering tradition through the ages for as long as 3,900 years’

    In Hindu Theology the personal God Iswara who resides in the heart measures one inch .

    In Hinduism, the Psychological heart is said to be on the Right side of the Chest as against the left side for the Physical heart.

    In this verse, the external manifestation of the Universal Principle , as can be grasped by the Human mind, is expressed,just as camera film records the size, not in real-time.

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  • Vedas Branches Text Translation

    The Ultimate authority for The Hindus is the Vedas.

    Map_of_Vedic_India.png ‎(683 × 489 pixels, file size: 353 KB, MIME type: image/png)
    Map of Vedic India

    Those who follow the Vedas are Astikas, meaning “It is”

    Those who deny it are ‘Nastikas, “Deniers’

    Now the terms Astika and Nastika are used to denote Faith in God,Refuting God respectively .

    This is incorrect.

    The Vedas are not written nor were they originated from some one.

    It is believed to be The Breath, both Inhaling and Exhaling of the Creator, Brahma>( Usvaasa and Visvaasa)

    These , in turn were reported to have been revealed to Brahma in a flash when He did penance , contemplating Lord Narayana from whose Navel Brahma evolved

    Vedas are sounds.

    Brahma converted them into language with the help of his consort Goddess Sarasvati.

    These sounds are intuitively grabbed by the Seers  later from the Ether.

    As such the Vedas were not authored.

    So they are called ‘Anaadi’ beginning-less.

    The Vedas are four in Number.

    Rig,

    Yajur, (has Shukla or White Yajur;Krishna Yajur, Black Yajur)

    Sama, and

    Atharva.

    Vedas Details
    Details of Available Vedas.

    Each Veda has four parts.

    They are called ,

    Samhitas,

    Brahmanas,

    Aranyakas, and

    Upanishads,

    Thus we have,

    Rig Samhita, Brahmana, Aranyakas and Upanishads.

    Scriptures of India.
    Scriptures of India.

    Similarly for the other three Vedas.

    The Samhitas (Sanskrit saṃhitā, “collection”), are collections of metric texts (“mantras“). There are four “Vedic” Samhitas: the Rig-Veda, Sama-Veda, Yajur-Veda, and Atharva-Veda, most of which are available in several recensions (śākhā). In some contexts, the term Veda is used to refer to these Samhitas. This is the oldest layer of Vedic texts, apart from the Rigvedic hymns, which were probably essentially complete by 1200 BCE, dating to c. the 12th to 10th centuries BCE. The complete corpus of Vedic mantras as collected in Bloomfield‘s Vedic Concordance(1907) consists of some 89,000 padas (metric feet), of which 72,000 occur in the four Samhitas.

     

    • The Brahmanas are prose texts that discuss, in technical fashion, the solemn sacrificial rituals as well as comment on their meaning and many connected themes. Each of the Brahmanas is associated with one of the Samhitas or its recensions. The Brahmanas may either form separate texts or can be partly integrated into the text of the Samhitas. They may also include the Aranyakas and Upanishads.
      • The Aranyakas, “wilderness texts” or “forest treaties”, were composed by people who meditated in the woods as recluses and are the third part of the Vedas. The texts contain discussions and interpretations of dangerous rituals (to be studied outside the settlement) and various sorts of additional materials. It is frequently read in secondary literature.
        1. Īṣa, (ŚYV) “The Inner Ruler”
        2. Kena (SV) “Who moves the world?”
        3. Kaṭha (KYV) “Death as Teacher”
        4. Praṣna, (AV) “The Breath of Life”
        5. Muṇḍaka (AV) “Two modes of Knowing”
        6. Māṇḍūkya (AV) “Consciousness and its phases”
        7. Taittirīya (KYV) “From Food to Joy”
        8. Aitareya, (ṚV) “The Microcosm of Man”
        9. Chāndogya (SV) “Song and Sacrifice”
        10. Bṛhadāraṇyaka (ŚYV)

    • The Shrauta Sutras, regarded as belonging to the smriti, are late Vedic in language and content, thus forming part of the Vedic Sanskrit corpus.[27][28] The composition of the Shrauta and Grhya Sutras (c. 6th century BCE) marks the end of the Vedic period, and at the same time the beginning of the flourishing of the “circum-Vedic” scholarship of Vedanga, introducing the early flowering of classical Sanskrit literature in the Mauryan and Gupta periods.

      While production of Brahmanas and Aranyakas ceases with the end of the Vedic period, there is a large number of Upanishads composed after the end of the Vedic period. While most of the tenMukhya Upanishads can be considered to date to the Vedic or Mahajanapada period, most of the 108 Upanishads of the full Muktika canon date to the Common Era.

      The Brahmanas, Aranyakas, and Upanishads often interpret the polytheistic and ritualistic Samhitas in philosophical and metaphorical ways to explore abstract concepts such as the Absolute (Brahman), and the soul or the self (Atman), introducing Vedanta philosophy, one of the major trends of later Hinduism.

    Shakas.

    A shakha (Sanskrit śākhā, “branch” or “limb”), is a Hindu theological school that specializes in learning certain Vedic texts, or else the traditional texts followed by such a school.

    An individual follower of a particular school or recension is called a śākhin.[5] The term is also used in Hindu philosophy to refer to an adherent of a particular orthodox system.

    One who belongs to a particular Shaka must learn from a Guru, The Preceptor.

    For Veda Mantras Download and Texts.

    Library of Vedic Texts.

    http://www.vedicfriends.org/library_of_sacred_vedic_texts.htm

    Vedic Text with Hindi Commentary.

    http://archive.org/details/FourVedas-SanskritTextWithHindiCommentaryByPanditJaydevSharma

     

    *RV ,Rig Veda

    SYV, Shukla Yajur,

    SV, Sama Veda,

    AV, Atharva Veda,

    KV,Krishna Yajur.

    Source.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vedas

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  • What is Shukla Yajur Veda Shukla Yajur Upakarma Mantras

    Vedas are four in  number,

    Hindu Rite Upakarma.
    Upakarma.

    They are Rig, Yajur  Sama and Atharva,

    Of these Yajur Veda has two distinctly different versions.

    One is Krishna Yajur and the other is Shukla Yajur.

    Why this difference?

     

    Sage Yajnyavalkya  was studying under a Guru ,Vaisampayana.

    The Gurus, including Vaisampayana used meet regularly.

    On one such occasion, Vaisampayan was indisposed and could not attend the meet.

    Therefore, he nominated one of  his Sishyas,(pupil )to attend the meeting.

    Miffed at not being chosen to represent the Guru at the meet, Yajnyavalkya  remonstrated with the Guru, Vaisampayana, questioning the Guru and accused him of favoritism.

    In Vedic tradition no one disputes the Guru.

    Vaisampayana ,therefore asked Yajnavalkya to return the Vedas taught by him, as Yajnyavalkya committed the cardinal sin of questioning the Guru and asked him to leave.

    Yajnavalkya vomited what he had learnt.

    The Saṃskṛt name for partridge is “Tittiri”. As the Tittiri (partridge) birds ate this Veda, it is thenceforth called the Taittirīya Yajurveda. It is also known as Kṛṣṇa Yajurveda or Black-Yajurveda on account of it being a vomited substance. The Taittirīya Saṃhitā thus belongs to this Yajurveda.

    Sage Yajnavalkya performed penance to the Sun God, Adhiya, Surya’ seeking the Vedas.

    Surya,assuming the form of a Horse, taught him the Vedas direct .

    This is Shukla Yajur Veda,

    This is the version in the Sri Vishnu Purana.

    The version by Shukla Yajur Vedins is as under.

    ”

    The Vedas revealed by the Rsis have been compiled by the Great Rsi Veda Vyasa into four groups called Rg, Yajur, Sama and Atharvana Vedas. Each of the Vedas are normally grouped into Samhita (Prayers to Gods), Brahmana (Procedures for conducting Yaga) and Aranyaka (Upanisads which deals with discussion about Atman, Brahman etc). There are two divisions of Yajur Veda called Krishna (Black) Yajur Veda and Shukla (white or pure) Yajur Veda. In Krishna Yajur Veda the Samhita and Brahmana are not separate entities. The Brahmanas are found in between the Samhitas also whereas in Shukla Yajur Veda there is a clear distinction between Samhita and Brahmana. The Samhita consists mostly slokas or mantras in praise of various deities and the Brahmanas deal with the procedures to be adopted for doing the yagnas. The Aranyakas deal with methods to be adopted for spiritual elevation of man i.e. attaining the highest state of salvation that is Mukthi or Moksha after which there is no rebirth.

     

     

    Shukla Yajur Veda was revealed to the sage Sri Yogeeswara Yagnavalkya (give hyper link) directly by Lord Surya. The details of how this Veda originally had been given to Sri Yogeeswara Yagnavalkya will be seen elsewhere in this site. Sri Shukla Yajur Veda originally had 15 Sakhas out of which only two Sakhas or branches, called Madyandina and Kanva Sakhas are available at present. Madyandina Saha is more prevalent in North India whereas Kanva Sakha is found mostly in South India. The book Charana Vuyha  Tantram lists all the 15 Sakhas.

     

    In both the Sakhas the Brahmana is called Sathapatha Brahmana. The name Sathapatha literally means hundred paths. In the Indian tradition the word “sata” does not indicate the exact number of one hundred, sometimes it means anything near about one hundred. The Brahmanas are the earliest annotations of the hymns of Samhita and serve as manuals for the performance of Vedic Sacrifices involving the usage of hymns. In addition they also have some narratives and anecdotes to explain the significance of the statements in Samhita and their usages in particular contexts. Brahmanas thus enumerate the mental and physical activities in consonance with the righteousness to reveal the nature of dharma which will lead to other realizations by man like wealth (artha), enjoyment (kama) and attainment of self (moksha). The Samhitas and Brahmanas are considered as apaurusheya meaning not created by man but revealed to him by God. The Brahmanas elaborate the procedure to construct altars which involve very detailed geometry and also mentions a system of remembering the number of times a sacrifice is to be made. The numbers some time run to thousand and millions and hundred millions. It shows the highly evolved system of arithmetic and geometry during the Vedic period! This arithmetic and geometry has come handy in constructing the temples of gigantic proportions without any fault!(http://www.shuklayajurveda.org/srishuklayajurveda.html)

    In Sanskrit Krishna means black and Shukla, White,

    Those who follow Shukla Yajur have elaborate mantras as compared to those who follow Krishna Yajur.

    The reason for elaborate mantras is that even if God imparts the Vedas direct, it comes as second best to what is taught by a Guru.

    To compensate this deviation from the Vedic practices, additional mantras are provided in the Shukla Yajur Veda.

    Those who follow Shukla Yajur are  relatively less when compared to Krishna Yajur.

    The Shukla Yajur mantras are also slightly different.

    For Shukla Upakarma, follow these Links.

    http://www.ibiblio.org/sadagopan/sundarasimham/Srisookthis/Yajurupaakarma.pdf

     

    http://www.gobookee.net/get_book.php?u=aHR0cDovL3N0b3RyYXJhdG5hLmF3YXJkc3BhY2UuY29tL3NydXRoaS9NYW50aHJhcy9tNC5wZGYKWWFqdXIgVmVkaSBBdmFuaSBBdml0dGFt

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