Ramanisblog

Tag: Vedic

  • Brain Cancer Plastic Surgery In Vedic India

    The Ancient Indians of the Vedic times were well advanced in Medical Sciences.

     

    There were Physicians, Surgeons.

     

    Suhusrutha was a leading practitioner of Medicine and was also a Medical scientist.

     

    The sick were treated by the following methods.

     

     

    1.Mani.

     

    There are references to a sort of Crystal which was used to cure the sick.

     

    Brain Surgery in Harappa
    Brain Surgery in Harappan Civilization Image Credit.The Hindu.

    2.Manthram.

     

    Mantras or the Mystical Letter/s, words were also a part of treatment.

     

    Even to day there are practitioners of this form of Medicine, who cure hepatitis by having a copper bowl filled with water in between the patient and

    the Practitioner, he keeps a needle in this water, chants some Mantras silently, the color of water changes,indicating the level of infection and once the water becomes clear, the patient becomes fully cured.

     

    There are people who treat Snake and Scorpion bites with this type of treatment.

     

    3.Aushadham.

    Aushadham means Divine Medicine.

     

    The first Medicine this system recommends in Food.

     

    Regulation of food and special foods cure one of illnesses.

     

    Then comes herbs,wild and common.

     

    Lakshmana was cured when he fell unconscious by the use of Sanjeevini, a rare herb

    .

    The early Hindus were also adept at Surgery.

     

    They performed regular Surgery, Cancer Surgery and even Plastic surgery.

     

    ““Surgery is the first and the highest division of the healing art, pure in itself, perpetual in its applicability, a working product of heaven and sure of fame on earth” – Sushruta (400 B.C.)”

     

    According to Hindu mythology, the creator of the Universe, Lord Brahma, was the first teacher to make a compilation of Ayurvedic texts which he later abridged into eight parts , with medicine (Kayachiktsaya) and surgery (Shalya tantra) as the main subjects.

     

    It is believed that Brahma propagated this knowledge through Daksha Prajapati who in turn taught this science to the Aswini Kumars ( the twin sons of the Sun God ).

     

    The Aswinis imparted the science to Indra. Upto this time, the knowledge of Ayurveda was known only to celestial personalities.

     

    It is believed that it was Lord Indra who passed on this knowledge of Ayurveda, the “science of life”, to sages and rishis ( mortals ) , the first pupil being Bharadwaja. He, in turn, taught this subject to others including Atreya.

     

    He, it is believed, lived in the period 700 – 600 B.C. and became a renowned teacher at Taxila.

     

    Lord Vishnu is also believed to have been associated with ancient medicine.

     

    It is said that several sages approached the Lord and begged of Him to help them save humanity from diseases and suffering. In response to their plight and prayers, he ordered the churning of the ocean of milk with the aid of ” vasukis ” and ” asuras “.

     

    Dhanvantari then came out of the ocean with the pot of ” amrita ” in his hands.

     

    Sushruta, one of his disciples attained great proficiency in surgery, lived some time in 400 B.C. His famous writings known as “Sushruta Samhita” are devoted essentially to surgery.

     

    But that was not all: he also wrote on medicine, pathology, anatomy, midwifery, ophthalmology, biology and hygiene.

     

    From the available records, it is evident that major abdominal operations were also carried out. Vesical calculi, even those days, were common and hence the operation for the removal of vesical calculi was well described in Sushruta Samhita. Surgical procedures for anal fistula, fractures, extraction of foetus in abnormal presentation, amputation, excision of tumours, repair of hernia and couching of cataract were also known.

     

    Rhinoplasty was commonly performed for restoration of severed or cut noses as punishment for certain offences such as adultery.

     

    He carried out plastic surgery, giving his patients a new nose or a new ear by the process of skin grafting. Dr.Hirschberg of Berlin pays his tribute to ancient Indian surgery by writing “The whole plastic surgery in Europe took a new flight when these cunning devices of Indian workmen became known to us”.

     

    Sushruta described many sharp surgical instruments emphasizing the need to get them made of “pure, strong and sharp iron”.

     

    Several types of knives and needles have been described depending upon their use and tissues concerned.

     

    He taught his pupils how to make incisions on the abdomen by using a pumpkin for demonstration purposes. It is believed that the following ingenious method for suturing the severed ends of intestine was employed.

     

    The cut ends of the intestine were apposed to each other and big black ants, collected specifically for this purpose were made to bite the apposed ends and their heads severed when their pincers had closed. T

     

    hus the pincers remained ‘in situ’ due to rigor mortis retaining the cut ends of the intestine in apposition for some time.

     

    The heads and the pincers of the ants being organic matter got digested in due course of time, not unlike the catgut of the present day surgery.

     

    His works were translated into Arabic by the 8th century A.D. and called ” Kitab-i- Susrud “.

     

    There is adequate evidence that in ancient India, anatomical study of the human body was carried out.

    To quote the appropriate translation, “Any one, who wishes to acquire a thorough knowledge of anatomy, must prepare a dead body and carefully observe and examine all its parts”.

     

    The method of study was to submerge the body in water and allow it to decompose: an examination of the decomposing body was carried out at intervals to study structures, layer by layer, as they got exposed following decomposition.

     

    Brain Surgery.

     

    Scientists at the Anthropological Survey of India claim to have found evidence of an ancient brain surgical practice on a Bronze Age Harappan skull.

    The skull, believed to be around 4,300 years old, bears an incision that indicates an “unequivocal case” of a surgical practice known as trepanation, says a research paper published in the latest edition of Current Science.

    Trepanation, a common means of surgery practised in prehistoric societies starting with the Stone Age, involved drilling or cutting through the skull vault, often to treat head injury or to remove bone splinters or blood clots caused by a blow to the head.

     

    “The Yantras
    (blunt instrument) and Shastras
    (sharp instruments) are
    the main tools of surgeon and the Sushruta had the knowledge of
    101 Yantras and 2
    0 Shastras. Even though he was agree with the fact
    that if the more instruments are required then it can be developed as
    per need
    86
    . The shape of the Yantras and Shastras are further
    modernized to compete with the surgery in modern era but the basic
    theme a
    nd functions are remained same as before. The classification
    of instruments in to the Yantras
    (blunt instruments) and Shastras
    (sharp instruments) is the basic concepts of Sushruta. No any such
    type of classification of instrument is found in the modern su
    rgical
    text books. As per Sushruta the hand is the main and important
    instrument amongst all which hold the key position till date.

    Exhaustive details at .

    http://www.ijrap.net/admin/php/uploads/627_pdf.pdf

     

    Surgerytimes

     

    http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/history-and-culture/brain-surgery-during-harappan-civilisation/article2118388.ece

     

     

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  • Vedic Hinduism In Germany Greece, Russian Veda

    I have posted articles that Hnduism, Sanatana Dharma was all over the World and the entire Jambu Dweepa was practicing Hinduism.
    I had provided Maps of Ancient India,Kingdoms as well
    I am furnishing details from research articles on this subject.
    Sananat Dharma spread around he world
    Vedic India
    Russia
    In his book ‘Proof of Vedic Culture’s Global Existence’ Stephen Knapp confirms that the Vedic culture was once global.
    Professor Alexander Vasilyavich Medvedev, chairman of the religious affairs committee of the Urals region.
    Professor Medvedev:
    “The problem amongst our leaders may not be so much in having to accept your movement, but to accept that the Vedic culture could have very well been the original culture here in Russia.You know in Russia practically all the scientists accept that the Vedic culture once flourished here, the center being in the Volga river region.

    The debate among our scientists is only if the Aryans came from India or they originated here.

    There is much evidence to the fact that Vedic culture existed here, most notably the Russian Veda”

    “The Russian Veda” Interrupted Indradyumna Marharaj.

    “Yes, it is famous amongst our people, it is as old as Russia, and the stories are exactly like those in the Vedic scriptures.

    The central figure of the Russian Veda is a personality called Krishen.

    He is the upholder of spiritual truths and the killer of many demons. His killing of a witch and snake are exactly like the history of child Krsna killing the putana and aghasura demons in the bhagavat puranas.

    But the Russian Veda is not intended for children.

    It is full of spiritual truths.”

     

    Name

    Sanskrit

    Sanskrit meaning
    Russia Rishiya Land of the Rishis
    Moscow Moksha Salvation, goal of all Rishis
    Bolshevik Bal-sevik Rishis seeking spiritual power
    Rubble Raya-bal Strength of the realm
    Krasnoyorak Krsna Russian town named after Lord Krsna
    Agone (fire) Agni Vedic fire God
    Andropov Indra Vedic demigod
    Siberia Shibeerya The locals still call their land Shibir
    Soviet Svet White as in white snow covered region
    Svetlana Svetanana Svetlana, the name of Stalins daughter is from the Sanskrit word svetanana meaning fair faced

     

    During the nineteenth century when Europe was greatly appreciating the Vedic culture, Sir Henry Maine, a scholarly member of the viceroy of Indias council declared about Germany “a nation has been born out of Sanskrit”.

     

    Some evidence of the Vedic influence throughout Germany and Europe.

     

     

    Name

    Sanskrit

    Sanskrit meaning
    Deutschland Daityasthan Land of the Daityas. ( Daitya refers to mother Diti and Kashyapa muni, the Dutch also share this link.)
    Danube river Danuv The Daityas were also known as the Danuv community due to Kashyapa munis marriage to Danu, who is also known as one of the primary Goddesses of the celts.
    German Sharman A common hindu surname
    Hindenberg Hindu-durg The fort of the Hindus
    Heidelberg Haya-dal-durg Fort garrisoned by horses
    Stein Stan Place
    Ramstein Ramstan Place of Lord Rama
    Rome Rama Lord Rama
    Ravenna (Italian city) Ravanna Demon killed by Lord Rama
    Budapest Buddaprastha City dedicated to Lord Buddah
    Paris Parameshwari Vedic Goddess
    Amsterdam Antardham Region below sea level
    Scandinavia Skanda Skanda is the son of Lord Siva. Naviya is Sanskrit for naval settlement. Scandinavians were the mariner descendants of the Vedic ksatriyas who worshipped Skanda

     

     

     

    “In the rig veda we have more real antiquity than in all the inscriptions of Egypt or Ninevan … The Vedas is the oldest book in existence.” (Max Muller)

     

     

    “After the latest research into the history and chronology of the book of the old testament, we may safely call the rig veda the oldest book, not only of the Aryan community, but the whole world.” (Reverend Morris Philips)

     

     

    “The Vedas has a twofold interest, it belongs to the history of the world and to the history of India. In the history of the world the Vedas fills a gap which no literary work in any language could fill.” (Max Muller

     

    Judaism

     

     

    Name

    Sanskrit

    Sanskrit meaning
    Judaism Yaduism The Yadu dynasty which Lord Krsna appeared in. It is common for the y and j to become interchangeable hence, Yaduism, Yeduism and finally Judaism
    Jerusalem Yadu-isha-layam The township of Lord Krsna. Yadu – dynasty of Lord Krsna, Isha – God, alayam – abode or place
    Israel Ishwaralaya The abode of Isha – God
    Shalome Ishalayam The abode of God. (Ishalayam – shalayam – shalome)
    Talmud (jewish scripture) Tal is Sanskrit for palm. Mud comes from mudra which means imprint or script, hence Talmud is Sanskrit for palm leaf manuscript
    Syria Surya Vedic sungod
    Palestine Palustin Vedic sage
    Ramallah (Palestine city) The city of Lord Rama
    Adam aadim The first or most ancient man
    Abraham Brahma Vedic demigod
    Star of David A simplified version of the sri yantra, connected to the Goddess Laxmi Devi. Drawn in front of many Hindu homes
    David Devi-d Bestowed by the mother Goddess
    Semites Shyam Semites were the descendants of Shem which originates from Shyam, Lord Krsna
    Horites Harites Worshipers of Hari (Krsna)

     

    I am convinced that everything has come down to us from the banks of the river Ganges” (Voltaire)

     

     

    “India was the motherland of our race, and Sanskrit the mother of European languages.

     

     

    She was the mother of our philosophy … of our mathematics … of the ideals embodied in Christianity … of self-government and democracy…mother India is in many ways the mother of us all.” (William Durant. Author of the ten volume, story of civilisation)

     

     

    “Everything, absolutely everything is of Indian origin.” (Friedrich Schlegel)

     

    Greece

     

     

     

    Zeus the Greek God of heaven, travels to planet on a mystical six-horse chariot wielding a trident.

     

     

     

    Indra the Vedic king of heaven also travels on a mystical six-horse chariot wielding a thunderbolt.

     

     

     

    Name

    Sanskrit

    Sanskrit meaning
    Parthia Partha Arjuna, devotee of Lord Krsna
    Hercules Hari-culeesh In the lineage of Hari (Krsna)
    Hari-tutay Greek greeting May Hari (Krsna) bless you
    Prometheus Pramathes Lord Siva
    Demetrius Deva-mitra Friend of the Gods
    Pythagoras Peeth-guru Peeth means place of education
    Aristotle Arishta-taal God, the warder of calamities
    Socrates Sukrutus One whose conduct is meritorious

    “This Garuda column of Vasudeva (Visnu), the God of Gods, was erected here by Heliodorus, a worshiper of Visnu, the son of Dion, and inhabitant of

     

    Taxila, who came as Greek ambassador from the great king Antialkidas to king Kasiputra Bhagabadra, the savior, then reigning prosperously in the

     

    fourteenth year of his kingship. Three important precepts when practiced lead to heaven; self-restraint, charity and conscientiousness.”

     

    The Heliodorus column, erected in 113 B. C. by the ambassador of Greece. Over 2000 years ago the Greek ambassador worshiped Vishnu.

     

    Greek Silver coins made by Agathaclose, a Greek ruler from the 2nd century B.C., bear the imprint of Krishna and Balarama and are displayed in several museums.

     

    “The whole of Greece from the era of the supposed Godships of Poseidon and zeus down to the close of the Trojan war was Indian in language, sentiment, religion, peace and war” (India in Greece, E. Pococke)

    “Almost all the theories, religious, philosophical and mathematical as taught by the pythagorans were known in India in the 6th century B. C.” (Professor G. Rawlinson)

    “When Greece and Italy, those cradles of modern civilisation, housed only the tenants of the wilderness, India was the seat of wealth and grandeur.” (History of British India, Thornton)

     

     

    Name

    Sanskrit

    Sanskrit meaning
    Korea Gauriya Gouri, Vedic Goddess
    Casseopeans Kashyapa muni Followers of the Vedic sage
    Kashmir Kashyapa muni Named after the Vedic sage
    Caspean sea Kashyapa muni Named after the Vedic sage
    Iran Ariana Land of the Aryans
    Guatamala Guatam Abode of the Vedic sage Guatam
    Egypt Ajapati Lord Rama, the illustrious scion of Aja. Their kings were named Ramses meaning Rama the God
    Persia Parasu Vedic warrior Parasurama
    Mexico Maghico Vedic demigod Lord Indra
    Babylonia Bahubalaneeya Realm of Vedic king Bahubal
    Mauritius Marichi Vedic warrior from Ramayana
    Australia Astral-alaya Land of the missiles
    America Amaraka Land of the immortals
    Devonshire Devaneshwar Land of the Gods
    Canterbury Shankapury Township of Lord Siva
    Anglesey Angulesh Visnu, Lord of the Anguli country
    England Angulistan Angulistan-Anguliand-England
    Britain Brihat-sthan Great land or islands

    Citation, And More at

    Sanatan Satyam

     

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  • ‘Thaali’ Mangal Sutra’ Not A Part OF Vedic Marriage

    I have posted some articles on the Samskaras or the Rites of The Hindus and on Hindu marriages.

    Yesterday, my brother’s daughter posted a message in Facebook asking me to write on ‘Thaali, Metti’ and their significance in Hindu marriages,

    Thali in Tamil and Mangal Sutra in Hindi has no place in Vedic marraiges.

    In Vedic marriages marriage has two names Panigrahana and Kanyadaan, handing over and Gifting away the daughter.

     

    Thali
    Mangal Sutra,Thaali

    The steps in the Vedic Marriages are.

    • Vara Satkaarah – Reception of the bridegroom and his kinsmen at the entrance gate of the wedding hall where the officiating priest chants a few mantras and the bride’s mother blesses the groom with rice and trefoil and applies tilak of vermilion and turmeric powder.
      • Madhuparka Ceremony – Reception of the bridegroom at the altar and bestowing of presents by the bride’s father.
      • Kanya Dan – The bride’s father gives away his daughter to the groom amidst the chanting of sacred mantras.
      • Vivah-Homa – The sacred fire ceremony ascertaining that all auspicious undertakings are begun in an atmosphere of purity and spirituality.
      • Pani-Grahan – The groom takes the right hand of the bride in his left hand and accepts her as his lawfully wedded wife.
      • Pratigna-Karan – The couple walk round the fire, the bride leading, and take solemn vows of loyalty, steadfast love and life-long fidelity to each other.
      • Shila Arohan – The mother of the bride assists her to step onto a stone slab and counsels her to prepare herself for a new life.
      • Laja-Homah – Puffed rice offered as oblations into the sacred fire by the bride while keeping the palms of her hands over those of the groom.
      • Parikrama or Pradakshina or Mangal Fera – The couple circles the sacred fire seven times. This aspect of the ceremony legalizes the marriage according to the Hindu Marriage Act as well custom.
      • Saptapadi – Marriage knot symbolized by tying one end of the groom’s scarf with the bride’s dress. Then they take seven steps representing nourishment, strength, prosperity, happiness, progeny, long life and harmony and understanding, respectively.
      • Abhishek – Sprinkling of water, meditating on the sun and the pole star.
      • Anna Praashan – The couple make food offerings into the fire then feed a morsel of food to each other expressing mutual love and affection.
      • Aashirvadah – Benediction by the elders.

    The practice of wearing Thaali is from the Tamil Dravidian Culture.

    Vedic Marriages are complete with Panigrahana, Kanyadaan and Saptapathi.

    Sage Viswamitra’s descendants ,banished to the South(Dravida) mingled with the Tamils and sage Apasthamba included this procedure in Vedic Marriages.

    In fact a Neckband was worn by Men to indicate that they are married and women Metti, an ornament around the third toe of the Foot.

    Source.History of Tamils by PT Srinivasa Iyengar

  • Manu Smriti ,Who A Brahmin Is How To Learn Veda

    I have devoted some posts on this subject.

    I have been asked by email the Manu Smriti‘s stand on Brahmins and the discipline needed to learn the Vedas.

    Laws of Manu
    Manu Smriti.

    I am reproducing  aversion of Manu Smriti on this and you may read the Full Text in the Link.

    You would find details on this and also on Naming of Children and a host of information.

    Manu Smriti, Chapter II.

    1. Learn that sacred law which is followed by men learned (in the Veda) and assented to in their hearts by the virtuous, who are ever exempt from hatred and inordinate affection.

    2. To act solely from a desire for rewards is not laudable, yet an exemption from that desire is not (to be found) in this (world): for on (that) desire is grounded the study of the Veda and the performance of the actions, prescribed by the Veda.

    3. The desire (for rewards), indeed, has its root in the conception that an act can yield them, and in consequence of (that) conception sacrifices are performed; vows and the laws prescribing restraints are all stated to be kept through the idea that they will bear fruit.

    4. Not a single act here (below) appears ever to be done by a man free from desire; for whatever (man) does, it is (the result of) the impulse of desire.

    5. He who persists in discharging these (prescribed duties) in the right manner, reaches the deathless state and even in this (life) obtains (the fulfilment of) all the desires that he may have conceived.

    6. The whole Veda is the (first) source of the sacred law, next the tradition and the virtuous conduct of those who know the (Veda further), also the customs of holy men, and (finally) self-satisfaction.

    7. Whatever law has been ordained for any (person) by Manu, that has been fully declared in the Veda: for that (sage was) omniscient.

    8. But a learned man after fully scrutinising all this with the eye of knowledge, should, in accordance with the authority of the revealed texts, be intent on (the performance of) his duties.

    9. For that man who obeys the law prescribed in the revealed texts and in the sacred tradition, gains fame in this (world) and after death unsurpassable bliss.

    10. But by Sruti (revelation) is meant the Veda, and by Smriti (tradition) the Institutes of the sacred law: those two must not be called into question in any matter, since from those two the sacred law shone forth.

    11. Every twice-born man, who, relying on the Institutes of dialectics, treats with contempt those two sources (of the law), must be cast out by the virtuous, as an atheist and a scorner of the Veda.

    12. The Veda, the sacred tradition, the customs of virtuous men, and one’s own pleasure, they declare to be visibly the fourfold means of defining the sacred law.

    13. The knowledge of the sacred law is prescribed for those who are not given to the acquisition of wealth and to the gratification of their desires; to those who seek the knowledge of the sacred law the supreme authority is the revelation (Sruti).

    14. But when two sacred texts (Sruti) are conflicting, both are held to be law; for both are pronounced by the wise (to be) valid law.

    15. (Thus) the (Agnihotra) sacrifice may be (optionally) performed, at any time after the sun has risen, before he has risen, or when neither sun nor stars are visible; that (is declared) by Vedic texts.

    16. Know that he for whom (the performance of) the ceremonies beginning with the rite of impregnation (Garbhadhana) and ending with the funeral rite (Antyeshti) is prescribed, while sacred formulas are being recited, is entitled (to study) these Institutes, but no other man whatsoever.

    17. That land, created by the gods, which lies between the two divine rivers Sarasvati and Drishadvati, the (sages) call Brahmavarta.

    18. The custom handed down in regular succession (since time immemorial) among the (four chief) castes (varna) and the mixed (races) of that country, is called the conduct of virtuous men.

    19. The plain of the Kurus, the (country of the) Matsyas, Pankalas, and Surasenakas, these (form), indeed, the country of the Brahmarshis (Brahmanical sages, which ranks) immediately after Brahmavarta.

    20. From a Brahmana, born in that country, let all men on earth learn their several usages.

    21. That (country) which (lies) between the Himavat and the Vindhya (mountains) to the east of Prayaga and to the west of Vinasana (the place where the river Sarasvati disappears) is called Madhyadesa (the central region).

    22. But (the tract) between those two mountains (just mentioned), which (extends) as far as the eastern and the western oceans, the wise call Aryavarta (the country of the Aryans).

    23. That land where the black antelope naturally roams, one must know to be fit for the performance of sacrifices; (the tract) different from that (is) the country of the Mlekkhas (barbarians).

    24. Let twice-born men seek to dwell in those (above-mentioned countries); but a Sudra, distressed for subsistence, may reside anywhere.

    25. Thus has the origin of the sacred law been succinctly described to you and the origin of this universe; learn (now) the duties of the castes (varna).

    26. With holy rites, prescribed by the Veda, must the ceremony on conception and other sacraments be performed for twice-born men, which sanctify the body and purify (from sin) in this (life) and after death.

    27. By burnt oblations during (the mother’s) pregnancy, by the Gatakarman (the ceremony after birth), the Kauda (tonsure), and the Maungibandhana (the tying of the sacred girdle of Munga grass) is the taint, derived from both parents, removed from twice-born men.

    28. By the study of the Veda, by vows, by burnt oblations, by (the recitation of) sacred texts, by the (acquisition of the) threefold sacred science, by offering (to the gods, Rishis, and manes), by (the procreation of) sons, by the great sacrifices, and by (Srauta) rites this (human) body is made fit for (union with) Brahman.

    29. Before the navel-string is cut, the Gatakarman (birth-rite) must be performed for a male (child); and while sacred formulas are being recited, he must be fed with gold, honey, and butter.

    30. But let (the father perform or) cause to be performed the Namadheya (the rite of naming the child), on the tenth or twelfth (day after birth), or on a lucky lunar day, in a lucky muhurta, under an auspicious constellation.

    31. Let (the first part of) a Brahmana’s name (denote something) auspicious, a Kshatriya‘s be connected with power, and a Vaisya‘s with wealth, but a Sudra’s (express something) contemptible.

    32. (The second part of) a Brahmana’s (name) shall be (a word) implying happiness, of a Kshatriya’s (a word) implying protection, of a Vaisya’s (a term) expressive of thriving, and of a Sudra’s (an expression) denoting service.

    33. The names of women should be easy to pronounce, not imply anything dreadful, possess a plain meaning, be pleasing and auspicious, end in long vowels, and contain a word of benediction.

    34. In the fourth month the Nishkramana (the first leaving of the house) of the child should be performed, in the sixth month the Annaprasana (first feeding with rice), and optionally (any other) auspicious ceremony required by (the custom of) the family.

    35. According to the teaching of the revealed texts, the Kudakarman (tonsure) must be performed, for the sake of spiritual merit, by all twice-born men in the first or third year.

    36. In the eighth year after conception, one should perform the initiation (upanayana) of a Brahmana, in the eleventh after conception (that) of a Kshatriya, but in the twelfth that of a Vaisya.

    37. (The initiation) of a Brahmana who desires proficiency in sacred learning should take place in the fifth (year after conception), (that) of a Kshatriya who wishes to become powerful in the sixth, (and that) of a Vaisya who longs for (success in his) business in the eighth.

    38. The (time for the) Savitri (initiation) of a Brahmana does not pass until the completion of the sixteenth year (after conception), of a Kshatriya until the completion of the twenty-second, and of a Vaisya until the completion of the twenty-fourth.

    39. After those (periods men of) these three (castes) who have not received the sacrament at the proper time, become Vratyas (outcasts), excluded from the Savitri (initiation) and despised by the Aryans.

    40. With such men, if they have not been purified according to the rule, let no Brahmana ever, even in times of distress, form a connexion either through the Veda or by marriage.

    41. Let students, according to the order (of their castes), wear (as upper dresses) the skins of black antelopes, spotted deer, and he-goats, and (lower garments) made of hemp, flax or wool.

    42. The girdle of a Brahmana shall consist of a of a triple cord of Munga grass, smooth and soft; (that) of a Kshatriya, of a bowstring, made of Murva fibres; (that) of a Vaisya, of hempen threads.

    43. If Munga grass (and so forth) be not procurable, (the girdles) may be made of Kusa, Asmantaka, and Balbaga (fibres), with a single threefold knot, or with three or five (knots according to the custom of the family).

    44. The sacrificial string of a Brahmana shall be made of cotton, (shall be) twisted to the right, (and consist) of three threads, that of a Kshatriya of hempen threads, (and) that of a Vaisya of woollen threads.

    45. A Brahmana shall (carry), according to the sacred law, a staff of Bilva or Palasa; a Kshatriya, of Vata or Khadira; (and) a Vaisya, of Pilu or Udumbara.

    46. The staff of a Brahmana shall be made of such length as to reach the end of his hair; that of a Kshatriya, to reach his forehead;

    (and) that of a Vaisya, to reach (the tip of his) nose.

    47. Let all the staves be straight, without a blemish, handsome to look at, not likely to terrify men, with their bark perfect, unhurt by fire.

    48. Having taken a staff according to his choice, having worshipped the sun and walked round the fire, turning his right hand towards it, (the student) should beg alms according to the prescribed rule.

    49. An initiated Brahmana should beg, beginning (his request with the word) lady (bhavati); a Kshatriya, placing (the word) lady in the middle, but a Vaisya, placing it at the end (of the formula).

    50. Let him first beg food of his mother, or of his sister, or of his own maternal aunt, or of (some other) female who will not disgrace him (by a refusal).

    Source:

    http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/manu/manu02.htm

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  • Vedas Branches Text Translation

    The Ultimate authority for The Hindus is the Vedas.

    Map_of_Vedic_India.png ‎(683 × 489 pixels, file size: 353 KB, MIME type: image/png)
    Map of Vedic India

    Those who follow the Vedas are Astikas, meaning “It is”

    Those who deny it are ‘Nastikas, “Deniers’

    Now the terms Astika and Nastika are used to denote Faith in God,Refuting God respectively .

    This is incorrect.

    The Vedas are not written nor were they originated from some one.

    It is believed to be The Breath, both Inhaling and Exhaling of the Creator, Brahma>( Usvaasa and Visvaasa)

    These , in turn were reported to have been revealed to Brahma in a flash when He did penance , contemplating Lord Narayana from whose Navel Brahma evolved

    Vedas are sounds.

    Brahma converted them into language with the help of his consort Goddess Sarasvati.

    These sounds are intuitively grabbed by the Seers  later from the Ether.

    As such the Vedas were not authored.

    So they are called ‘Anaadi’ beginning-less.

    The Vedas are four in Number.

    Rig,

    Yajur, (has Shukla or White Yajur;Krishna Yajur, Black Yajur)

    Sama, and

    Atharva.

    Vedas Details
    Details of Available Vedas.

    Each Veda has four parts.

    They are called ,

    Samhitas,

    Brahmanas,

    Aranyakas, and

    Upanishads,

    Thus we have,

    Rig Samhita, Brahmana, Aranyakas and Upanishads.

    Scriptures of India.
    Scriptures of India.

    Similarly for the other three Vedas.

    The Samhitas (Sanskrit saṃhitā, “collection”), are collections of metric texts (“mantras“). There are four “Vedic” Samhitas: the Rig-Veda, Sama-Veda, Yajur-Veda, and Atharva-Veda, most of which are available in several recensions (śākhā). In some contexts, the term Veda is used to refer to these Samhitas. This is the oldest layer of Vedic texts, apart from the Rigvedic hymns, which were probably essentially complete by 1200 BCE, dating to c. the 12th to 10th centuries BCE. The complete corpus of Vedic mantras as collected in Bloomfield‘s Vedic Concordance(1907) consists of some 89,000 padas (metric feet), of which 72,000 occur in the four Samhitas.

     

    • The Brahmanas are prose texts that discuss, in technical fashion, the solemn sacrificial rituals as well as comment on their meaning and many connected themes. Each of the Brahmanas is associated with one of the Samhitas or its recensions. The Brahmanas may either form separate texts or can be partly integrated into the text of the Samhitas. They may also include the Aranyakas and Upanishads.
      • The Aranyakas, “wilderness texts” or “forest treaties”, were composed by people who meditated in the woods as recluses and are the third part of the Vedas. The texts contain discussions and interpretations of dangerous rituals (to be studied outside the settlement) and various sorts of additional materials. It is frequently read in secondary literature.
        1. Īṣa, (ŚYV) “The Inner Ruler”
        2. Kena (SV) “Who moves the world?”
        3. Kaṭha (KYV) “Death as Teacher”
        4. Praṣna, (AV) “The Breath of Life”
        5. Muṇḍaka (AV) “Two modes of Knowing”
        6. Māṇḍūkya (AV) “Consciousness and its phases”
        7. Taittirīya (KYV) “From Food to Joy”
        8. Aitareya, (ṚV) “The Microcosm of Man”
        9. Chāndogya (SV) “Song and Sacrifice”
        10. Bṛhadāraṇyaka (ŚYV)

    • The Shrauta Sutras, regarded as belonging to the smriti, are late Vedic in language and content, thus forming part of the Vedic Sanskrit corpus.[27][28] The composition of the Shrauta and Grhya Sutras (c. 6th century BCE) marks the end of the Vedic period, and at the same time the beginning of the flourishing of the “circum-Vedic” scholarship of Vedanga, introducing the early flowering of classical Sanskrit literature in the Mauryan and Gupta periods.

      While production of Brahmanas and Aranyakas ceases with the end of the Vedic period, there is a large number of Upanishads composed after the end of the Vedic period. While most of the tenMukhya Upanishads can be considered to date to the Vedic or Mahajanapada period, most of the 108 Upanishads of the full Muktika canon date to the Common Era.

      The Brahmanas, Aranyakas, and Upanishads often interpret the polytheistic and ritualistic Samhitas in philosophical and metaphorical ways to explore abstract concepts such as the Absolute (Brahman), and the soul or the self (Atman), introducing Vedanta philosophy, one of the major trends of later Hinduism.

    Shakas.

    A shakha (Sanskrit śākhā, “branch” or “limb”), is a Hindu theological school that specializes in learning certain Vedic texts, or else the traditional texts followed by such a school.

    An individual follower of a particular school or recension is called a śākhin.[5] The term is also used in Hindu philosophy to refer to an adherent of a particular orthodox system.

    One who belongs to a particular Shaka must learn from a Guru, The Preceptor.

    For Veda Mantras Download and Texts.

    Library of Vedic Texts.

    http://www.vedicfriends.org/library_of_sacred_vedic_texts.htm

    Vedic Text with Hindi Commentary.

    http://archive.org/details/FourVedas-SanskritTextWithHindiCommentaryByPanditJaydevSharma

     

    *RV ,Rig Veda

    SYV, Shukla Yajur,

    SV, Sama Veda,

    AV, Atharva Veda,

    KV,Krishna Yajur.

    Source.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vedas

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