Surya Siddhanta – Ramanisblog

Why Moon Is Not Bathed In Earth-shine In Solar Eclipse?

A solar eclipse is a natural event that takes place on Earth when the Moon moves in its orbit between Earth and the Sun (this is also known as an occultation). It happens at New Moon, when the Sun and Moon are in conjunction with each other. If the Moon was only slightly closer to Earth, and orbited in the same plane and its orbit was circular, we would see eclipses each month. The lunar orbit is elliptical and tilted with respect to Earth’s orbit, so we can only see up to 5 eclipses per year. Depending on the geometry of the Sun, Moon and Earth, the Sun can be totally blocked, or it can be partially blocked.

Solar Eclipse.Image.jpg — Solar Eclipse.

Lunar Eclipse.

A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes directly behind the Earth into its umbra (shadow). This can occur only when the Sun, Earth, and Moon are aligned (in “syzygy”) exactly, or very closely so, with the Earth in the middle. Hence, a lunar eclipse can only occur the night of a full moon. The type and length of an eclipse depend upon the Moon’s location relative to its orbital nodes.

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On a full moon night you can very clearly see everything. Of course it is not as bright as the sunshine, but everything is very clearly visible. And if you were to view the earth from space on a full moon night it would not be dark. It would be illuminated by the moonshine and all the features of the earth would be clearly visible.

As there is ‘moonshine’ there must also be ‘earthshine’. Much of the earth is covered by water which is a good reflector of sunlight. In fact the scientists say ‘earthshine’ is much brighter than ‘moonshine’. And according to our understanding the earth is enormous in comparison to the size of the moon. So if the moonshine can completely illuminate this earth on a full moon night then the earthshine can completely illuminate the moon.

The ‘earthshine’ bombarding the moon at the time of a total solar eclipse would be at least ten times brighter than the moonshine on the earth on a full moon night.

If Western astronomers are correct the solar eclipse would be the prefect time to see the moon illuminated by earthshine. The shadow created which causes the solar eclipse on earth is, according to NASA, at most 167 miles wide. So if you were sitting on the moon during a solar eclipse you would see an extremely bright earth planet with a dark circle of only 167 miles wide. This is not enough to diminish the earthshine in any significant way. So even though the sun is behind the moon, the full force of the sunshine is hitting the earth and reflecting off those shiny blue oceans and reflecting off the land also’

On checking up I found that earth shine is not much and hence not visible.

Science talks about Albedo and distances, but that does seem to me a lot of suppositions and wishful thinking.

Earthshine is a soft, faint glow on the shadowed part of the moon caused by the reflection of sunlight from the Earth.

Specifically, Earthshine happens when the light from the sun is reflected from the Earth’s surface, to the moon, and then back to our eyes. Because of this double reflection of light, Earthshine is many, many times dimmer than the direct light of the sun on the moon. Earthshine is even more faint because the moon’s “albedo” (a specific kind of reflectivity) is less than Earth’s. Even though this dim light is only a reflection it can still illuminate some features of the moon.

Earthshine can be best seen during the crescent phases (the 1-5 day period before or after a New Moon). During this time the sun is mostly behind the moon from our perspective and bathing the Earth in a lot of direct light that is reflected onto the shadowed parts of the moon.

Moons orbiting other planets can also experience this phenomenon, generally called “planetshine”

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Albedo (/ælˈbiːdoʊ/), or reflection coefficient, derived from Latin albedo “whiteness” (or reflected sunlight) in turn from albus “white”, is thediffuse reflectivity or reflecting power of a surface.

It is the ratio of reflected radiation from the surface to incident radiation upon it. Its dimensionless nature lets it be expressed as a percentage and is measured on a scale from zero for no reflection of a perfectly black surface to 1 for perfect reflection of a white surface.

Albedo depends on the frequency of the radiation. When quoted unqualified, it usually refers to some appropriate average across the spectrum of visible light. In general, the albedo depends on the directional distribution of incident radiation, except for Lambertian surfaces, which scatter radiation in all directions according to a cosine function and therefore have an albedo that is independent of the incident distribution. In practice, a bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) may be required to accurately characterize the scattering properties of a surface, but albedo is very useful as a first approximation.

The albedo is an important concept in climatology, astronomy, and calculating reflectivity of surfaces in LEED sustainable-rating systems for buildings. The average overall albedo of Earth, its planetary albedo, is 30 to 35% because of cloud cover, but widely varies locally across the surface because of different geological and environmental features.^[1]

The term was introduced into optics by Johann Heinrich Lambert in his 1760 work Photometria.

Will some one clarify in simple terms?

Or is this the same as what Science calls as Axioms, not to be questioned?

Citation.

http://space-facts.com/solar-eclipse/

http://krishna.org/astronomy-debunked-solar-eclipses-are-not-caused-by-the-moon/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albedo

11 Apr 2015

Universe Size 13.7 Billion Light Years Surya Siddhanta Science Agrees

When one talks of Distances in Space one is struck by the sheer magnitude of it.

The distances involved are so huge that the Speed of Light is taken as the base.

Even this is not sufficient to comprehend and measure large numbers involved.

Hence the concept of AU, Astronomical Unit.

Observable Universe.Image.png — Observable Universe.

One AU equals the distance traveled by Light in a Year.

That is 149 597 871 Kilometers.

Definition: An Astronomical Unit is the mean distance between the Earth and the Sun. In 2012, the International Astronomical Union defined the distance to be 149,597,870,700 meters.(http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/glossary/au.html)

Astronomers have measured the age of the universe to be approximately 13.8 billion years old. Because of the connection between distance and thespeed of light, this means they can look at a region of space that lies 13.8 billion light-years away. Like a ship in the empty ocean, astronomers on Earth can turn their telescopes to peer 13.8 billion light-years in every direction, which puts *Earth inside of an observable sphere with a radius of 13.8 billion light-years. The word “observable” is key; the sphere limits what scientists can see but not what is there.

But though the sphere appears almost 28 billion light-years in diameter, it is far larger. Scientists know that the universe is expanding. Thus, while scientists might see a spot that lay 13.8 billion light-years from Earth at the time of the Big Bang, the universe has continued to expand over its lifetime. Today, that same spot is 46 billion light-years away, making the diameter of the observable universe a sphere around 92 billion light-years

What Surya Siddhnata Siddhantha says.

Saurapakshiya Suryasiddhanta speaks of a mahayuga of 4320000 years, so do the Puranas.

There are 14 universes (Bhuvanas) according to Vedic-Puranic tradition, and our material (physical) Universe is at the middle level. We can see 7 universes at a time in any one direction, but not all 14 simultaneously. *According to Suryasiddhanta 1955885109 years have elapsed (in 2009 AD) since the beginning of Creation. When we see seven universes arranged one after another, we see into (1955885109 * 7 =) 13691 million years of TIME, and into 13691 million light-years of SPACE. Currently, scientists believe the extent of Universe to be of 13.7 billion light years.

Divide 13.7 billion years with 10^42 (10 raised to the power 42, or 42 zeroes after 1).

13.7 billion years = (13,691,195,763 years) * (31558149.61 seconds per year) = 4.320688 * {10^17} seconds

This is the largest QUANTUM of TIME.”

Modern Astronomy confirms this.

* One has to know that Speed and distance are interchangeable while talking of large distance numbers in Space.

Citation.

http://www.space.com/24073-how-big-is-the-universe.html

http://vedicastrology.wikidot.com/physical-astronomy-and-surya-siddhanta#toc16

Vishnu Once in 6480 Years Astronomy Precession Equinoxes

23 Mar 2015

Meru Arctic, Kashmir, Tanzania ,Celestial?

Mount Meru is mentioned in all the Puranas, especially while talking of the Evolution of The Universe.

“Jambudvipa lies in the middle of all Mortal Realms and in its center is the lofty Mt. Meru, bright as gold. Its height is 84,000 yojanas, and it extends 16,000 yojanas below the earth; its width at the top is 32,000 and at the base is 16,000 yojanas.

-Kurma Purana.

Name	Width	Height/Depth
Sumeru (Sineru) mountain	80,000 yojanas	80,000 yojanas
Sea	80,000 yojanas	80,000 yojanas
Yugandhara mountains	40,000 yojanas	40,000 yojanas
Sea	40,000 yojanas	40,000 yojanas
Iṣadhara (Isadhara) mountains	20,000 yojanas	20,000 yojanas
Sea	20,000 yojanas	20,000 yojanas
Khadiraka (Karavīka) mountains	10,000 yojanas	10,000 yojanas
Sea	10,000 yojanas	10,000 yojanas
Sudarśana (Sudassana) mountains	5,000 yojanas	5,000 yojanas
Sea	5,000 yojanas	5,000 yojanas
Aśvakarṇa (Assakaṇṇa) mountains	2,500 yojanas	2,500 yojanas
Sea	2,500 yojanas	2,500 yojanas
Vinadhara (Vinataka) mountains	1,250 yojanas	1,250 yojanas
Sea	1,250 yojanas	1,250 yojanas
Nimindhara (Nemindhara) mountains	625 yojanas	625 yojanas
Outer Sea	32,000 yojanas	relatively shallow
Cakravāḍa (Cakkavāḷa) mountains(circular edge of the world)	312.5 yojanas	312.5 yojanas

Mount Meru is also considered Divne and is ver Holy for the Sakthi Upasakas.

Lalitatha Sahsranama referrs ‘Meru Mandla Madhyastha’

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This house is described in detail in the Brahmaanda Purana,”In that house of Chintamani all is Chintamani.”This house having an extent of a thousand yojanas is above the world system.

The Rudrayaamala says,”In that Chintamani house of a thousand yojanas in extent.

“The house which is on Meru is smaller in size. ‘

https://ramanisblog.in/2014/04/17/lalitha-devis-abode-chinatmani-gruham-details/

There are views that this Mountain is terrestrial.

Some Hindu traditions place it in The Arctic.

1.There is evidence that the Rig Veda was composed in the Arctic.

I have a post on this.

Bal Gangadhar Tilak subscribes to this view.

”

The Arctic region today, comprises of kilometers thick sheets of Ice spread for miles together, with hardly any land or vegetation on it.. But, what if the North Pole, at some time in its history, did support land as well as vegetation???

My research, turned up evidence that North Pole INDEED boasted of a continent right until the Miocene Period which however, got submerged during the subsequent Ice-Ages (!!). According to latest geological evidence, the last Glacial period closed about 10,000 years ago and the geographical distribution of land then, was radically DIFFERENT from what it is at present..”

Mount Meru as the Center of the Earth.jpg — Mount Meru as the Center of the Earth.

2. Mount Meru in Tanzania.

We have a Mountain by the name Meru in Tanzania.

Mount Meru is an active stratovolcano located 70 kilometres (43 mi) west of Mount Kilimanjaro in the nation of Tanzania.

And there is a Town Meru in the neighboring Kenya!

3.Meru is also identified Mount Meru or Sumeru with the Pamirs, north-west of Kashmir.

4.The Meru is Celestial.

Hindu Tantra shastras maintain that Meru is a spiritual Plane of Existence.

Buddhism and Jainism say the same.

‘Tibetan Buddhism regards Meru as the Center of the Universe and believes it to be beyond the physical plane, in a realm of perfection and transcendence. Symbolic representations of Meru are frequently found in Tibetan and Bhutanese mandalas designed to aid in meditation.’.

5.Surya Siddhanta View.

Surya Siddhanta is a highly accurate astronomical treatise br the Hindus.

It says, of Meru thus,

”

Suryasiddhanta once says square root of 10 is value of ‘pi’, but root of 10 is merely a crude value of ‘pi’ for teaching students and should never be used for any serious purpose. Any siddhanta must never abuse the basic laws of mathematics. The value of ‘pi’ is 3.14159265……., and not root of 10. In Vedic mathematics, there were formulae for computing ‘pi’ with 12 or 32 digit accuracy. Fot 12 digits, ‘pi’ = SQRT {2* (18000^2) / (65656565 – OCTAL 666)} ; Octal 666 is number for Satan in Biblical mathematics and is therefore subtracted.

Earth’s equatorial circumference is 1600 * ‘pi’ = 5026.5482457… yojanas, whereas Manda-paridhi of sun is 5040 yojanas (5039.990052). One degree (amsha0 of manda paridhi is sun’s paridhyamsha (= paridhi + amsha) = 5040 / 360 = 14 yojanas (13.9999723667) per degree. The diameter of manda-paridhi is 5040/pi = 1604.278659816 yojanas or 34.112669 kms, which is the distance of the centre of Manda-paridhi from Earth’s equatorial surface. it is equal to the height of Mt Meru (Mt Kenya = 5.199 Kms) and a mysterious term equal to 28.913669002241621530835902160508 Kms. It is equal to sum of four components :

d1 = R * sin(180 degrees / 42000) = 28.6231184335656015… Kms
d2 = R * sin(180 degrees / 4200000) = 0.2862311846025405641566… Kms
d3 = R * sin(180 degrees / [4200000 * 71]) = 0.004031425135247426…. Kms
d4 = R * sin(180 degrees / [4200000 * 71 * 14 ]) = 0.000287958938 Kms

The actual centre of all universes is 28.913669002241621530835902160508 Kms higher than the tip of terrestrial Mt Meru (Mt Kenya) and is Divine Mt Meru.’

I have written an article that

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1.Lord Vishnu’s Nabhi as the center of our Milky way Galaxy verified.

“The Galactic Center cannot be observed at visible, ultraviolet, or x-ray wavelengths because interstellar dust obscures the line of sight. All scientific information about it comes from observations of gamma ray, hard X-ray, infrared, and radio wavelengths. The precise astronomical location of the Galactic Center at approximately 3 degrees Sagittarius (sidereal) was first verified in 1918 by Harlow Shapley. However its energetic connection to the earth was not realized until 1932 when Karl G. Jansky, an engineer working for Bell Telephone, was investigating the source of the static interference with overseas telephone lines. He discovered that the interference was due to radio waves being emitted from the center of the galaxy. The source of the radio waves appears to be located almost exactly at the Galactic Center, and may coincide with a super massive black hole. This black hole has the equivalent mass of 4 million suns and is the source of most of the gravitational energy in our galaxy. Thus the Galactic Center is the Sun around which our Sun rotates.’

Considering all these facts I tend to surmise that the Physical Meru is in the Arctic ( I have a post that the inside of the Earth is not hollow) ans also a spiritual plane.

After all what is In the Microcosm is in the Macrocosm.

Citation.

http://decodehindumythology.blogspot.in/2011/12/heaven-at-north-pole.html ( Image and a portion of the Text quoted)

http://vedicastrology.wikidot.com/physical-astronomy-and-surya-siddhanta#toc29

16 Feb 2015

Higher Astronomy Instruments Designs Surya Siddhanta

Many are under the impression that Hinduism, especially the Vedas are theoretical and do not address to the problems of daily Life or Science.

Nothing can be farther from the Truth.

I had posted articles on practical application of Science,Dealing with daily life, Botany,Zoology, Food and other vital subjects that deal with our daily needs, developed by Hinduism.

Here I am furnishing details from the Surya Siddhanta that deals with Astronomy in detail.

I had earlier posted an article on Vishnu’s Navel Galaxy and how it has been validated by modern Astronomy.

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The Surya Siddhanta is one of the oldest treatises (siddhanta) in Hindu astronomy. The extant text as edited by Burgess (1860) is medieval (c. 12th century), but it is clearly based on older versions, which may go back to before the Common Era^{[citation needed]}.

It has rules laid down to determine the true motions of the luminaries, which conform to their actual positions in the sky. It gives the locations of several stars other than the lunar nakshatras and treats the calculation of solar eclipses. as well as solstices eg.summer solstice 21/06 Significant coverage is on kinds of time, length of the year of gods and demons, day and night of god Brahma, the elapsed period since creation, how planets move eastwards and sidereal revolution. The lengths of the Earth’s diameter, circumference are also given. Eclipses and color of the eclipsed portion of the moon is mentioned.”

Table of contents in Surya Siddhanta.

The Mean Motions of the Planets
True Places of the Planets
Direction, Place and Time
The Moon and Eclipses
The Sun and Eclipses
The Projection of Eclipses
Planetary Conjunctions
Of the Stars
Risings and Settings
The Moon’s Risings and Settings
Certain Malignant Aspects of the Sun and Moon
Cosmogony, Geography, and Dimensions of the Creation
The Gnomon
The Movement of the Heavens and Human Activity.

Design of Astronomical Instruments are also provided.

Astronomical Instruments
by Surya Siddhanhtam.Click to enlarge

Link to Surya Siddhanta Text by Arya Bhatta.

https://archive.org/details/SuryaSiddhanta

http://www.wilbourhall.org/pdfs/suryaenglish.pdf

1 Dec 2014

Laws Of Motion Gravity Trigonometry Hindu Texts

I have posted some articles on the advanced concepts of Hinduism, some of them are over 5000 years old.

I had recently delivered a lecture on Quantum, Hinduism and the unlocking of natures secrets through Gayatri.

As I was lecturing a senior scientist from a reputed Institution was so upset that when I was proving the inadequacy of Science especially Newton, in explaining many physical events both atomic and in Astrophysics,he interrupted me that None should speak ill of Newton.

My reply from the podium was that when I am talking Vedas and about Shankaracharya, Newton does not come anywhere near and asked the gentleman to wait till I complete the lecture.

I continued with the arguments in the lecture.

I shall deal with the details of the lecture in a separate post.

It is a different matter that the gentlemen met my friend and informed he shall read Sanskrit and Shankara before talking about these issues.

Now let us see in this post what our Vedas and ancient texts say on Laws of Motion,Gravity?

Designing of Spaceships Hindus Sundara Vimana, — Sundara Vimana,Holo-gravitic buoyancy drive image credit. http://projectavalon.net/forum4/showthread.php?66925-Holo-gravitic-buoyancy-drive

Quote:

The words gravity and gravitational pull are generally translated into Indian
languages as “GURUTVA AKARSHANA SHAKTI”. The word ‘Gurutva’ means ‘mass’
and ‘Aakarshana’ means ‘attractive pull’. The very name indicates that the ancient
Indians observed some relation between the mass of a body and the gravitational pull.

The Taittiriya branch of Krishna Yajurveda says –

This means, the sun is holding the earth and the heaven in the space. The sun has
the power of attraction (kristheeh) and shines without interruption.
The word “Kristhee” in the above sentence is derived from the root “krish” which
has no other meaning, but attraction. Saying that the sun is holding the earth in the space
through his power of attraction, implies that the earth also is a body with a different type
of force of attraction. Otherwise, if the sun is like a magnetic ball and the earth is like an
iron ball, they would have collided with each other long back. The same idea is reflected
very clearly in the following famous Sloka of Varahamihira (6th century AD)

….

The ball of the earth which is made up of the five fundamental elements, is placed
in the center of a cage, which is made up of the stars of the galaxy and hence it is hanging
in the sky, like an iron ball in the center of a cage of magnetic balls.

The word “Panchabhoota Maya” in the above Sloka is important.

In the context of the solar system, our ancestors did not see the earth as a simple
mass of mud. The globe of earth, the oceans, the air and the clouds around it put together,
is treated as “Bhugola”.

Bhaskaraacharya (12th century AD) made this very clear in his “Goladhyaya” of
Siddhanta Siromani. ….

The Surya Siddhanta is one of the earliest doctrines or traditions (siddhanta) in archaeo-astronomy of the Hindus. Its original version is by an unknown author. It describes the archeo-astronomy theories, principles and methods of the ancient Hindus. This siddhanta is supposed to be the knowledge that the Sun god gave to an Asura called Maya. Asuras were enemies of the Deva, the Gods of Hindus. Asuras were believed to be residents of the nether worlds.

Significant coverage is on kinds of time, length of the year of gods and demons, day and night of god Brahma, the elapsed period since creation, how planets move eastwards and sidereal revolution. The lengths of the Earth’s diameter, circumference are also given. Eclipses and color of the eclipsed portion of the moon is mentioned. This explains the archeo-astronomical basis for the sequence of days of the week named after the Sun, Moon, etc. Musings that there is no above and below and that movement of the starry sphere is left to right for Asuras makes interesting reading.

Varahamihira in his Panchasiddhantika contrasts it with four other treatises, besides the Paitamaha Siddhantas (which is more similar to the “classical” Vedanga Jyotisha), thePaulisha and Romaka Siddhantas (directly based on Hellenistic astronomy) and the Vasishta Siddhanta. Citation of the Surya Siddhanta is also found in the works of Aryabhata…

The table of contents in this text are:

The Mean Motions of the Planets^{[notes 1]}
True Places of the Planets
Direction, Place and Time
The Moon and Eclipses
The Sun and Eclipses
The Projection of Eclipses
Planetary Conjunctions
Of the Stars
Risings and Settings
The Moon’s Risings and Settings
Certain Malignant Aspects of the Sun and Moon
Cosmogony, Geography, and Dimensions of the Creation
The Gnomon
The Movement of the Heavens and Human Activity.

Trignometry.

The Surya Siddhanta contains the roots of modern trigonometry. It uses sine (jya), cosine (kojya or “perpendicular sine”) and inverse sine (otkram jya) for the first time, and also contains the earliest use of the tangent and secant when discussing the shadow cast by a gnomon in verses 21–22 of Chapter 3:

Of [the sun’s meridian zenith distance] find the jya (“base sine”) and kojya (cosine or “perpendicular sine”). If then the jya and radius be multiplied respectively by the measure of the gnomon in digits, and divided by the kojya, the results are the shadow and hypotenuse at mid-day.

In modern notation, this gives the shadow of the gnomon at midday as

$s = \frac{g \sin \theta}{\cos \theta} = g \tan \theta$

and the hypotenuse of the gnomon at midday as

$h = \frac{g r}{\cos \theta} = g r \frac{1}{\cos \theta} = g r \sec \theta$

where $\ g$ is the measure of the gnomon, $\ r$ is the radius of the gnomon, $\ s$ is the shadow of the gnomon, and $\ h$ is the hypotenuse of the gnomon.