Philosophical enquiry needs an analytic Mathematical Mind.
One would notice that most of the Great Philosophers of the world have also been great Mathematicians.
Rene Descartes, Leibniz,Spinoza,Siddhas of India,Pingala, Arya Bhatta, Varaha Mihira….
It is easy for a Mathematician to understand Nature which is mathematically constructed.
Every atom to an elephant is made mathematically.
There is Uniformity and Rhythm in Nature.
This applies to actions and reactions.
The term Rta is dealt separately in Hinduism.
This means order.
Please read my post on this.
Another point in Hinduism is what is in Macrocosm is in Microcosm and vice versa.
What is found in the Universe is found in Man.
For example,
The ratio 1:1.618 is a golden ratio which is found all over the cosmos. Stick out your forefinger. The ratio from the first two bones is 1:1.618. Now the ratio between the 2nd middle bone and the third bone terminating at the knuckle is also 1:1.618. The ration from your navel to top of your head and bottom of your feet is also 1:1.618
This is called the Fibonacci Ratio.
Fibonacci Ratio in Leaves
Arrangements of the leaves
Fibonacci Ration in Leaves.
Also, many plants show the Fibonacci numbers in the arrangements of the leaves around their stems. If we look down on a plant, the leaves are often arranged so that leaves above do not hide leaves below. This means that each gets a good share of the sunlight and catches the most rain to channel down to the roots as it runs down the leaf to the stem.
The computer generated ray-traced picture here is created by my brother, Brian.
Leaves per turn
The Fibonacci numbers occur when counting both the number of times we go around the stem, going from leaf to leaf, as well as counting the leaves we meet until we encounter a leaf directly above the starting one.
If we count in the other direction, we get a different number of turns for the same number of leaves.
The number of turns in each direction and the number of leaves met are three consecutive Fibonacci numbers!
Fibonacci Number in Mount Meru
Mount Meru is an actual and sacred mountain in Tanzania/Arctic, it is also the name given to the Fibonacci series in the Maatraameru (Mountain of Cadence) written by Pingala in the Chhandah-shastra (Art of Prosody) around 450 BC. In this writing, it was organized as a pyramid, today known as Pascal’s triangle, like this:
Mount Meru In Numbers
Kubera was revered as the chief of the Guhyakas and was the ‘king of kings’, the ‘god’ and ‘guardian of the North’. The word Guhyakas comes from the word ‘godha’ (root gudh or guh), meaning chameleon – a dragon-serpent. It seems that in Hindu mythology, ‘god’ is a ‘naga’ or ‘dragon serpent’ who lives at the top of Mount Meru and hides a golden treasure.
Thus we find that God is associated in ancient Hindu mythology with the infinite and irrational golden ratio at the center of a Fibonacci spiral symbolized as a mountain, pyramid or perhaps an infinite spiraling vortex (like the Hindu Schwass-tika). Further reading on the subject describes Mt. Meru as home to all of the gods, closely resembling the Biblical concept of a heaven paved with gold.
As one last note, in Vedic astrology, Kubera’s golden treasure is guarded by Shukra, which is the Hindu name for the planet Venus. Shukra is then celebrated in a specific month in the Hindu calendar called JyeshTha, corresponding to May-June.
One would find he same in Carnatic Music and Bharata Natya.
More to follow.
Citation.
Journal of the American Oriental Society, Volume 33 by E. W. Hopkins, 1918.
2. The Golden Mean and the Physics of Aesthetics, Subhash Kak, Archive of Physics: physics/0411195, 2004
One of the axioms of Hinduism, Sanatana Dharma is that what is in Microcosm is in the Macrocosm and Macrocosm is in the Microcosm.
That whatever one finds in the Universe, not just the Earth, is in the Human being.
Knowledge in Hinduism is based on this concept.
Knowledge is not some thing one acquires from outside but within.
Here it would be of interest to recall a Paradox of Zeno.
If you possess Knowledge , you do not need to seek it.
If you do not possess Knowledge and seek for it, you will not be able to identify it as you do not possess knowledge.
Mount Kailash, HimalayasThe World as described in the Purans,MeruSri Chakra
So in both the cases Knowledge is impossible!
Hinduism states that Knowledge is the removal of Ignorance, Avidya.
Knowledge is Absolute and is an attribute of the Reality, Brahman.
I had touched on this in a few posts and will be discussing in detail later.
Now to what we find in the Universe , in the ultimate analysis, is made of these Five Elements,
Earth, Water, Fire ,Air and Ether.
These Five elements are present in the Human body.
I have posted articles on how the Fire element(Agni) functions in the Human body in various functions like Digestion.
And one can find the mental stages in spiritual developments, like attaining Chandra Stage is also found as the Moon in the Universe.
The examples are many.
One such is the term Meru.
Meru is explained in the Tantra Shastras as a Highly evolved stage of spiritual development.
Lalitha Devi is described as Meru Mandala Madhyastha Sriman Nagara Nayika’
It is also explained in the Hindu texts as being present in the The Universe.
‘Sadaputa presents the Bhuloka or Jambudvipa and Meru as well as other islands and seas as flat. According to Surya Siddhanta it is round like and upside-down bowl.
With Meru on the top it is in the center. One reason mathematically it is so, is that the planets are having degrees north and south and they should not “crash into” Bhuloka. If the planets crash into Bhuloka then we take Bhuloka as a “subtle” land or as “symbolic” of other things. Bhu is this land, bhavah is outer space, sva is upper spaces as in the Gayatri mantra, where we chant, om bhur bhuvah svah tat savitur varenyam. Above the Bhuloka planetary system is Bhuvarloka, and above that is Svargaloka, the heavenly planetary system'(hare krisna.com)
The current location of Mounrt Meru is variously placed at Mount Everest, Kailash, Arctic, Arkaim in Russia and in Peru.
“In Japanese Buddhist philosophy, a giant mountain called Mount Sumeru (Shumisen) was believed to stand at the center of the world.”
Meru’s description in the Mahabharata.
“Dhritarashtra said.—“Thou art intelligent, O Sanjaya, and acquainted with the truth (about everything). Thou hast duly given a description of the island in brief. Tell us now of the island in detail. Tell us now of the dimension of the expanse of land that lies in the portion looking like a hare. Thou mayst then speak of the portion resembling peepul tree.”
According to Vasubandhu’s Abhidharmako?abh?syam, Sumeru is 80,000 yojanas tall. The exact measure of the yojana is uncertain, but some accounts put it at about 24,000 feet, or approximately 4 1/2 miles. It also descends beneath the surface of the surrounding waters to a depth of 80,000 yojanas, being founded upon the basal layer of Earth. Sumeru is often used as a simile for both size and stability in Buddhist texts.
Please read my posts on this.
Like Meru there is this concept of Shambala, a place 0f Perfection in Tibetan Buddhism.
Shambala.
The City on the Edge of Forever by Aaron Ross Spring 1992.ON TOP OF THE COSMIC MOUNTAIN… {A Representation of the Gate}
”
Tibetan texts appear to show historical facts about Shambhalla. The data recorded in these texts give names, dates and corresponding events occurring in the outside world. The Hindus and Buddhist alike regard Mount Meru, located in the Himalayas, as the location of Shambhalla. It is the center of the cosmos, having its roots in hell and its summit in heaven.
The mountain peak houses a magnificent central palace radiating a powerful, diamond like light, which is the home of Indra, King of Hindu gods.
Legends tell of her slopes being studded with glittering gemstones and thick with trees heavy with delicious fruit. She is circled by seven rings of golden mountains, each separated from the other by one of seven circular oceans. This entire superstructure rises from an outer ocean, and is flanked by four main continents, each with two subcontinents.
The southern continent, Jambudvipa, corresponds to the physical earth. Each of the other continents represents a nearby planet upon which transmigrating souls following the yellow light-path may be reborn.
Tibetan religious texts tell us that the technology of Shambhalla is supposed to be highly advanced; the palace contains special skylights made of lenses which serve as high-powered telescopes to study extraterrestrial life, and for hundreds of years Shambhalla’s inhabitants have been using aircraft and cars that shuttle through a network of underground tunnels.
On the way to enlightenment, Shambhallans acquire such powers as clairvoyance, the ability to move at great speeds, and the ability to materialize and disappear at will.
Andrew Tomas, author of ‘Shambhalla, Oasis of Light’, writes,
This remarkable kingdom reputedly exists both above and below ground, with a network of tunnels hundreds of miles long. Cars of strange design flash along their length and they are illumined by a brilliant, artificial light which affords growth to the grains and vegetables and long life without disease to the people.
Hebrew legends speak of a place called Luz which is described as an underground city near a sacred mountain called the ‘abode of immortality’.
Some Tibetans think Shambhalla might be in Tibet, perhaps in the Kunlun mountains; others point toward the region around Mongolia and Sinkiang province of China. Others believe it to in Siberia or some other part of Russia. Some lamas claim that it is hidden in the frozen Artic. Others believe Shambhalla only exists in an parallel universe or higher dimension.
In the years between 1923 and 1928, Nicholas Roerich, led an expedition across the Gobi Desert to the Atlai mountain, a journey which covered 15,500 miles across 35 of the world’s highest mountain passes.
It is rumored that he may have been on a mission to find and return what was said to be part of the sacred ‘Chintamani Stone,’ which was believed to be part of a magical meteorite from the solar system in the constellation of Orion. According to Lamaist legend, a fragment of this stone from what may be the star Sirius, is sent wherever a spiritual mission vital to humanity is set up, and is returned when that mission is completed.
The stone is said possess occult properties, capable of giving telepathic inner guidance and effecting a transformation of consciousness to those in contact with it.
Whether he retrieved the stone or not is not known, but what we do know for certain is that he was sent in search of it by the League of Nations. Just in the fact that he was sent on this expedition lends credibility to the existence of the Shambhalla legends.
Roerich was a man of great creditability.
To his credit, he was a philosopher, author, explorer, member of the Theosophical Society, member of the League of Nations, influential in the FDR administration and was the pivotal force behind placing the Great Seal of the United States on the American dollar. He also produced hundred of paintings capturing the essence of the area and its people.
Roerich strove to link all scientific and creative disciplines to advance true culture and international peace, citing the power of art and beauty to accomplish such a feat. In honor of his efforts, in 1935 The Roerich Peace Pact was established, which obligated nations to respect museums, cathedrals, universities and libraries as they did hospitals, and became part of the United Nations organizational charter.
In his travels through China and Mongolia to the borders of Tibet, Roerich met with a lama that described Shambhalla to him.
According to this famous explorer, Roerich was told,
‘Great Shambhalla is far beyond the ocean. It is the mighty heavenly domain. It has nothing to do with our Earth… Only in some places, in the Far North, can you discern the resplendent rays of Shambhala.’
The Star Gate.
Thousands of miles in height, Meru is located somewhere beyond the physical plane of reality, in a realm of perfection and transcendence. Symbolic representations of Mount Meru are commonly found in Tibetan mandalas, contemplative diagrams designed to aid meditators in focusing.
It is said that Meru has its roots in hell, and its summit in heaven. Meru is surrounded by seven rings of golden mountains, each separated from the other by one of seven circular oceans. It is crowned by a golden palace wherein Indra, king of Hindu gods, resides. This entire superstructure rises from an outer ocean, and is flanked by four main continents, each with two subcontinents.
The southern continent, Jambudvipa, corresponds to the physical earth. Each of the other continents represents a nearby planet upon which transmigrating souls following the yellow light-path may be reborn. However, it is said that all of these worlds are undesirable, for they are non-human worlds inhabited by sheep, cattle, or horses. The teachings of Buddhism clearly state that existence as a human being is the only way to achieve Buddhahood, so rebirth in any other form (including that of a deva or demigod) is a distraction from the path to enlightenment.
According to legend, somewhere in the northwest region of Jambudvipa lies a land called Shambhala. This is a magical land which is shaped like an eight-petalled lotus flower. It has been ruled by priest-kings for many thousands of years; in fact, the legend of Shambhala predates the introduction of Buddhism into Tibet. In the aboriginal Bon religion, Shambhala is known as Olmolungrung, and is based on the square instead of the circle.
Shambhala forms a gateway between the physical and spiritual realms. It is endowed with riches, and is ideally suited for the habitat of enlightened souls. They are not attached to the fruits of karma, and are but one step from Buddhahood. This is the realm to be sought for rebirth if one desires the swiftest path to nirvana.
In the Tibetan Buddhist version of the apocalypse, barbarians will overtake the earth at the end of the Kali Yuga, the present age. It will be necessary for the king of Shambhala to join forces with the gods to wage war on the barbarians.At this time, armies will be sent forth from the city, the location of which has been kept secret for millenia. Order will be restored on earth, and the wisdom which Shambhala has been holding will be dispensed to the peoples of the world(Tibetan Buddhism)
Mount Meru is mentioned in all the Puranas, especially while talking of the Evolution of The Universe.
“Jambudvipa lies in the middle of all Mortal Realms and in its center is the lofty Mt. Meru, bright as gold. Its height is 84,000 yojanas, and it extends 16,000 yojanas below the earth; its width at the top is 32,000 and at the base is 16,000 yojanas.
-Kurma Purana.
Name
Width
Height/Depth
Sumeru (Sineru) mountain
80,000 yojanas
80,000 yojanas
Sea
80,000 yojanas
80,000 yojanas
Yugandhara mountains
40,000 yojanas
40,000 yojanas
Sea
40,000 yojanas
40,000 yojanas
Iṣadhara (Isadhara) mountains
20,000 yojanas
20,000 yojanas
Sea
20,000 yojanas
20,000 yojanas
Khadiraka (Karavīka) mountains
10,000 yojanas
10,000 yojanas
Sea
10,000 yojanas
10,000 yojanas
Sudarśana (Sudassana) mountains
5,000 yojanas
5,000 yojanas
Sea
5,000 yojanas
5,000 yojanas
Aśvakarṇa (Assakaṇṇa) mountains
2,500 yojanas
2,500 yojanas
Sea
2,500 yojanas
2,500 yojanas
Vinadhara (Vinataka) mountains
1,250 yojanas
1,250 yojanas
Sea
1,250 yojanas
1,250 yojanas
Nimindhara (Nemindhara) mountains
625 yojanas
625 yojanas
Outer Sea
32,000 yojanas
relatively shallow
Cakravāḍa (Cakkavāḷa) mountains(circular edge of the world)
312.5 yojanas
312.5 yojanas
Mount Meru is also considered Divne and is ver Holy for the Sakthi Upasakas.
This house is described in detail in the Brahmaanda Purana,”In that house of Chintamani all is Chintamani.”This house having an extent of a thousand yojanas is above the world system.
The Rudrayaamala says,”In that Chintamani house of a thousand yojanas in extent.
There are views that this Mountain is terrestrial.
Some Hindu traditions place it in The Arctic.
1.There is evidence that the Rig Veda was composed in the Arctic.
I have a post on this.
Bal Gangadhar Tilak subscribes to this view.
”
The Arctic region today, comprises of kilometers thick sheets of Ice spread for miles together, with hardly any land or vegetation on it.. But, what if the North Pole, at some time in its history, did support land as well as vegetation???
My research, turned up evidence that North Pole INDEED boasted of a continent right until the Miocene Period which however, got submerged during the subsequent Ice-Ages (!!). According to latest geological evidence, the last Glacial period closed about 10,000 years ago and the geographical distribution of land then, was radically DIFFERENT from what it is at present..”
Mount Meru is an active stratovolcano located 70 kilometres (43 mi) west of Mount Kilimanjaro in the nation of Tanzania.
And there is a Town Meru in the neighboring Kenya!
3.Meru is also identified Mount Meru or Sumeru with the Pamirs, north-west of Kashmir.
4.The Meru is Celestial.
Hindu Tantra shastras maintain that Meru is a spiritual Plane of Existence.
Buddhism and Jainism say the same.
‘Tibetan Buddhism regards Meru as the Center of the Universe and believes it to be beyond the physical plane, in a realm of perfection and transcendence. Symbolic representations of Meru are frequently found in Tibetan and Bhutanese mandalas designed to aid in meditation.’.
5.Surya Siddhanta View.
Surya Siddhanta is a highly accurate astronomical treatise br the Hindus.
It says, of Meru thus,
”
Suryasiddhanta once says square root of 10 is value of ‘pi’, but root of 10 is merely a crude value of ‘pi’ for teaching students and should never be used for any serious purpose. Any siddhanta must never abuse the basic laws of mathematics. The value of ‘pi’ is 3.14159265……., and not root of 10. In Vedic mathematics, there were formulae for computing ‘pi’ with 12 or 32 digit accuracy. Fot 12 digits, ‘pi’ = SQRT {2* (18000^2) / (65656565 – OCTAL 666)} ; Octal 666 is number for Satan in Biblical mathematics and is therefore subtracted.
Earth’s equatorial circumference is 1600 * ‘pi’ = 5026.5482457… yojanas, whereas Manda-paridhi of sun is 5040 yojanas (5039.990052). One degree (amsha0 of manda paridhi is sun’s paridhyamsha (= paridhi + amsha) = 5040 / 360 = 14 yojanas (13.9999723667) per degree. The diameter of manda-paridhi is 5040/pi = 1604.278659816 yojanas or 34.112669 kms, which is the distance of the centre of Manda-paridhi from Earth’s equatorial surface. it is equal to the height of Mt Meru (Mt Kenya = 5.199 Kms) and a mysterious term equal to 28.913669002241621530835902160508 Kms. It is equal to sum of four components :
The actual centre of all universes is 28.913669002241621530835902160508 Kms higher than the tip of terrestrial Mt Meru (Mt Kenya) and is Divine Mt Meru.’
I have written an article that
‘
1.Lord Vishnu’s Nabhi as the center of our Milky way Galaxy verified.
“The Galactic Center cannot be observed at visible, ultraviolet, or x-ray wavelengths because interstellar dust obscures the line of sight. All scientific information about it comes from observations of gamma ray, hard X-ray, infrared, and radio wavelengths. The precise astronomical location of the Galactic Center at approximately 3 degrees Sagittarius (sidereal) was first verified in 1918 by Harlow Shapley. However its energetic connection to the earth was not realized until 1932 when Karl G. Jansky, an engineer working for Bell Telephone, was investigating the source of the static interference with overseas telephone lines. He discovered that the interference was due to radio waves being emitted from the center of the galaxy. The source of the radio waves appears to be located almost exactly at the Galactic Center, and may coincide with a super massive black hole. This black hole has the equivalent mass of 4 million suns and is the source of most of the gravitational energy in our galaxy. Thus the Galactic Center is the Sun around which our Sun rotates.’
Considering all these facts I tend to surmise that the Physical Meru is in the Arctic ( I have a post that the inside of the Earth is not hollow) ans also a spiritual plane.
After all what is In the Microcosm is in the Macrocosm.
Lalita Devi resides in Chinamani Gruha in Sri Pura.
‘Chintamani Gruanthastha Sriman Nagara Nayika’ Lalitha Sahasranama.
Description of Sri Pura is narrated in the Lalitapokyana.
Lalita Devi in Sri Pura.
Here is the description.
”
359. After the annihilation of Bhandasura, Trimurtis called upon the cosmic architect Viswakarmaand the architect of demons Maya, and instructed them
to construct 16 palaces in 16 kshetras (sacred places) for the residence of Lalita &Shiva KameswaMeruand other gigantic mountains (9) Jalasamudraand
other oceans (7) –total 16Kshetras.
The palatial buildings of mother goddess in these kshetras are called Sripura.
360. Wherever a Sripura is located , its dimensions are like this.
A.)Mount Meru has 4 peaks,
One on the eastern side, one on north-west, one on the south-west,
Each is 100 yojanas tall and 100 yojanas wide these are trimurti worlds,
.
In the center of these is the fourth, which is 400 yojanas tall and 400 yojanas wide.
B.) Sripura is on the Middle peak
Sripura has metallic compound walls 7 in number they are square-shaped. Eachwall is separated from the next one by one a distance of 7 yojanas.
1.
Kalayasa (iron)wall – The perimeter of this wall is 16 thousand yojanas.
2.
Kansya (bronze)wall—Between these two is the first chamber. Several trees and gardens are located here.
Mahakali and Mahakala are the gate keepers.
Kalachakra is their throne.
3.
Tamra (copper)wall—Here is a forest of Kalpavruksha (wish granting tree).This is also called as Kalpavatica.
This is the second chamber.
Vasanta (spring) is its protector . Madhusri and Madhavasri are his consorts.
4.
Seesa (lead)wall—Here is a forest of santana trees(progeny granting).This is the third chamber Grishma (summer) is the ruler .
Shukrasri and Shuchisr are hiconsorts.
5.
Aarkuta (brass)wall—This is the fourth chamber. Here is a forest of Hari chandana vruksha (yellow fragrant sandal wood).The ruler is varsharutu(rainy
season).
Nabhasri and Nabhasyasri are his consorts.
6. Panchaloha (five metal) wall—In this fifth chamber is a garden of mandara trees (Calotropis gigantea) . Sharadrutu is the protector .Ishasri and Urjasri
are his consorts.
7.
Raupya (silver)wall –Sixth chamber . Parijata tree forest . Hemantarutu is the protector. Sahasri and Sahasyasri are his consorts.
8.
Hema (gold)wall—Seventh chamber. Kadamba forest. Sisira (winter)is the protector.Tavasri and Tavasyasri are his consorts. This is where Mantrini devi
resides in a temple.She has one more quarter very close to that of Lalita devi in Mahapadmatavi (forest of lotuses).When she is on duty she stays in that
quarter.
In this seventh chamber near Mantrini’s residence Matanga kanyas are constantly singing and dancing.
The lowest Kand has a height of 1000 yojans, that of Middle Kand is 63,000 yojans and that of top Kand is 36,000yojans.
There are four forests on Mountain Meru:
Bhadrasha Van:It is located at the foot hill of the mountain on flat land.
It is surrounding the Mountain Meru on all four sides. Its North and south width is 250 yojans and its east-west width is 22,000 yojans. The whole forest is divided into eight sections with four tree-shape mountains, viz. Saumanas, Vidyut, Prabh, Gandhmadan andMalyavan and two rivers, viz. Sita and Sitoda.
Nandan Van:It is 500 yojans higher than the Bhadrashal Van and 62,500 yojans below the Somansvan.
Its area is 500 yojans. In exact the middle of this section is Abhyantar Meru and in a distant of 50 Yojans are eightKut of Dishakumaris. There are eight Palaces of eight Dishakumaris of UrdhvaLoks; there is a Kut 500 yojansabove it where a palace of the goddess is situated. Thus, the goddess stays 1000 yojans above the flat earth. 900 yojans of this section belong to Tirchha Lok while the 100 yojans abovebelong to Urdhva Lok(upper Lok);so the Goddess belongs to this upper Lok. Besides, in Nandanvan, there are four temples (Chaitra) on four sides of it. In other directions are two palaces of Ishanendra.
Somvan: Somvan is situated 62,500 yojans above ofNandanvan. This is another series of Meru Mountain which is 500 yojans wide.
Pandagvan: Pandagvan is 3600 yojans above Somvan. It is circularly 494 yojans wide.
Meru in Hinduism.
Mount Meru (Sanskrit: मेरु), also called Sumeru (Sanskrit) or Sineru (Pāli) or Kangrinboqe to which is added the approbatory prefix su-, resulting in the meaning “excellent Meru” or “wonderful Meru” and Mahameru i.e. “Great Meru” (Chinese: 須彌山Xumi Shan, Japanese: 須弥山 Shumi-sen, Pāli Neru, Burmese: မြင်းမိုရ်Myinmo), is a sacred mountain with five peaks[1] in Hindu, Jain as well as Buddhist cosmologyand is considered to be the center of all the physical, metaphysical and spiritual universes.
Many famous Hindu and similar Jain as well as Buddhist temples have been built as symbolic representations of this mountain.
The highest point (the finial bud) on the pyatthat, a Burmese-style multi-tiered roof, represents Mount Meru.
The dimensions attributed to Mount Meru, all the references to it being as a part of the Cosmic Ocean, along with several statements like that the Sun along with all the planets (including Earth itself) circumambulate the mountain, make determining its location most difficult, according to most scholars.[2][3]
The Suryasiddhanta mentions that Mt Meru lies in ‘the middle of the Earth’ (“Bhugol-madhya”) in the land of the Jambunad (Jambudvip). Narpatijayacharyā, a 9th-century text, based on mostly unpublished texts of Yāmal Tantr, mentions “Sumeruḥ Prithvī-madhye shrūyate drishyate na tu” (‘Su-meru is heard to be in the middle of the Earth, but is not seen there’).[14] Vārāhamihira, in his Panch-siddhāntikā, claims Mt Meru to be at the North Pole (though no mountain exists there as well). Suryasiddhānt, however, mentions a Mt Meru in the middle of Earth, besides a Sumeru and a Kumeru at both the Poles.
There exist several versions of Cosmology in existing Hindu texts. In one of them, cosmologically, the Meru mountain was also described as being surrounded by Mandrachal Mountain to the east, Supasarv Mountain to the west, Kumuda Mountain to the north and Kailash to the south.[15]
Mount Meru of Hindu traditions has clearly mythical aspects, being described as 84,000 Yojan high (which is around 1,082,000 km (672,000 mi), or 85 times the Earths’s diameter), and having the Sun along with all its planets in the Solar System revolve around it as one unit.
One Yojana can be taken to mean about 11.5 km (9 mi) though its magnitude seems to differ over time periods. E.g. the Earth’s circumference is 3,200 Yojanas according to Vārāhamihira and slightly less so in the Āryabhatiya, but is given to be 5,026.5 Yojanas in the Suryasiddhānta. The Matsya Purana and the Bhāgvata Purāna along with some other Hindu texts consistently give the height of 84,000 Yojanas to Mount Meru which translates into 672,000 miles or 1.082 million kilometers.
Mount Meru is also the abode of Lord Brahma and the Demi-Gods (Dev).
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