The term Dharma has a wide scope,it includes duties, personal and social,morality,compassion, fighting, killing, and a whole lot more.
Dharma varies from Time to Time, it changes.
There are certain Dharmas which are constant, like Truth,Compassion.
The Dharma of a Brahmana is at variance with that of a Kshatriya;when insulted or provoked a Kshatriya must attack, a Brahmin must bear with them.
Keeping quiet when speaking the Truth is sometimes called Dharma.
Dharma varies according to the stages of Life,Brahmachari’s is different from Gruhasha and Gruhstha’s is different form Vanaprastha for identical situations.
So much so Lord Krishna says it vey difficult to say what Dharma is even for a very leaned man(Bhagavad Gita)
Yet there is a reasonably detailed description of what Dharma is in in Bruhat Purana.
‘ sathyam Dhaya thataha santhirahimsa cheti keerthitha,
Dharmasyaavayavaastha chatvaarah poornatham gatha.
Twelve different forms of Sathya (Truth).
‘Amityavachanam satyam Sweekaarapradhipaalanam,
Priyavaakyam kuroh Seva Dhrdam chaiva vrataham Kruham’
Aasthikyam Saadhusangasya Pitur maathu piyankarah
Suchithvam,dwividam chaiva hreerasanchaya eva Cha’
1.Amitavachanam-not speaking that which is not true.
2.Sathyam-Truth,Not speaking a fact is different from speaking the fact as it is.
3.Sweekaarapradhipaalanam-Completing what one has undertaken to do.
4.Priyavaakayam-Speaking what is pleasing.
5.Kurror Seva-Serving the elders.
6.Dhrudam cha Eva vrtham Krutham-if one takes a vow, it has to be completed.
7.Aasthikyam-faith in God/Reality.
8.Saadhu sanghaascha-Friend ship with the devoted.
9.Pitur maadha priyankarah-Fulfilling parents desires.
10.Suchitvam dwividhamcha Eva-Mental and Physical Cleanliness.
11.Hreeh-Being ashamed in Doing what is bad.
12.Asanchaya eva-not accepting more than what one requires to sustain his body.
Dhaya or Compassion is of six types.
a)Paraopakaara-helping others.
b)Dhanam-Charity with out anticipating returns.
c)Sarvatha Smitha Bhaashanam-Speaking with a smiling face at all times.
dVinyah-Humility.
e)Nyuyatha-Thinking of oneself as not superior to others.
f)Samadhaadhi0Equanimity at all times.
Santhi,Peace has Thirty Aspects.
1)Anasuya-not finding fault with others.
2)Alpasanthah-becoming Happy even with small things.
3)Indryaanaam cha Sanyama-Regulation of senses.
4)Asangam-Non attachment to sense objects.
5)Mounam-Not speaking what is not worth speaking.
6)Deva Poojavidhau Mathi-Involvement in the worship of God.
7)Akuthachttabhayathvam-Unafraid of anything.
8)Gaambhiryam-Depth of Mind and Thoughts .
9)Sthirachtta-Focussed Mind.
10)Arrosha Bhava-without being rude.
11)sarvathra Nisbruhatvam-non attachment to anything.
12)Dhruda madhi-Strong Mind/Will.
13)Vivarjanam hi Akkaryaanaam-desisting form doing what is proscribed or bad.
14)Sama pooja maana Apamaanayoh-remain the same while receiving bouquets and brickbats.
15)Slaaha para Gune-Appreciating others good points.
16.Asthyam-Non stealing.
17)Brahmacharyam -channelizing Senses.
18)Drudhi-Mental Toughness.
19)Ksham_patience,bearing with others.
20)aadhityam Cha-Honouring guests.
21)Japa-Chanting God’s name mentally.
22)Homah-Performance of yaagas.
23)Theertha Seva-Pilgrimage to Holy Places,
24)Aarya Sevanam-Serving the faultless.
25)Amatsarah- being without jealousy.
26)Bandhamokash Gnanam-knowledge about realizing God/Self.
27)Sanyaasa bhavana-The attitude being non attached, as befits a Sanyasi.
28)SahishnuthaSudhuh keshu-bearing with great calamities.
29)Akkarpanyam-not being petty minded, in word and deed.
30)Amoorkatha-Not being adamant.
Ahimsa,Non Violence has Seven aspects.
1)Aasanajayah -Sitting motionless.
2)parapeeda Vivarjanam-Not harming others by word/deed.
3)Sraddhacha-faith and dedication.
4)Aaadhitya Seva Cha-Feeding nad honouring Guests.
5)Santha Rupa Pradarsanaremaing calm and speaking softly.
6)Aathmeeyatha Cha-Thought that All are my people.
7)Sarvatra athma Buddhi Parathmasu-Treating other lives as one’s own.
The sloka.
Anasuya Alpa santhosha Indriyaanam Cha Samyama
Asangamo Mounamevam Deva pooja Vidhau madhi
Akuthaschit Bhayathvam Cha gaambiryam Sthirachittathaa,
Aroosha Bhavah Sarvathra Norbruhathvam Druda madhi.
Vivajanam Hi kaaryaanam sam Pooja Maanapamaanayoh,
Slaaha paraguna Astheyam brahmacharyam Drdhi Kshama.
Aadithyam cha Japo homas thhertha sevaaryasevanam,
Amathsaro Bandha moksha gnam Sanyaasysa sabhavana.
sama hishnutha Suhuh Keshu akkarpanya moorkatha.
To conclude,.
Just as Adharma creates fear and suffering, little performance of Dharma shall result in protecting from Great fear.
yatha swalpamadharma hi jnayeth thu maha bhayam,
Swalpamabyasya Dhramasya Dhrayathe mahatho Bhyath-(Bruhat dharma pyrana Purva kandam 1/47)
Dharmo rakshathi rakshithah.
Dharma protects one who protects It.
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