Some interesting information on the strength and the calculation of the Armies during the Vedic period is found in the Mahabharata.
There is also the definition of the unit of distance.
The Unit for measuring distance is called ‘Yojana’
One Yojana is equal to Eight Miles.
Army strength is calculated on the base Unit of Akshouhini.
One Akshouhini consists of ,
One Chariot,
One Elephant,
Three Cavalry
and Five soldiers constitute One Pathi.
Three Pathis make one ‘Sena Mukha’
Three Senamukha is ‘Kulma‘
Three Kulma make One ‘Gana.
Three gans is One ‘Vahini’
Three Vahinis is One Brudhanai”
Three Brudhanis is one ‘Samu’
Three Samus is one ‘Anaakini’
Ten Anaakinis make one Akshouhini.
The Total forces in one Akshouhini is,
Chariots 21, 870,
Elephants 21870,
Cavalry 65,610,
Soldiers 109350
The Pandavas had Seven Akshouhinis and the Kauravas Eleven.
Only ten people survived the Mahabharata War.
Pandavas, Seven,
Pandavas Five, Krishna, Sathyaki.
Kauravas Three,
Aswathama, Krupar,Krutha Varma.
Source.
The Mahabharata By Vyasa, Parva Sangraha of Adi Parva.
Anugrahmanika Parvam of Adi Parva.
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