Category: Physics

Zero and Infinity are two intriguing Concepts.

Zero is the absence of everything,yet something.

Infinity is beyond everything and potentially in everything.

Zero,first invented by Indians,was named as Safir in Arabic,then it traveled  through Greek,French and finally landed as Zero.

Sunya is the name in Sanskrit for Zero.

Sunya is absence of everything .

This resulted in a lot of arguments among Philosophers of ancient India.

While the Buddhists claimed Sunya as Void,Adi Shankaracharya argues the abscence quality or Attribute itself is a Quality or Attribute.

As such, he states that there can be no Sunya in the Buddhist sense but Sunya is our inability to comprehend the Attributeless and thus the Reality is non dual,Advaita and the Reality is not Sunya as Sunyavadins of Buddhism state.

Be that as it may,

What is origin of the Universe?

This is a very complex and controversial question,which philosophers and scientists have been attempting to answer.

With the advent of Quantum Theory and Particle Physics,it is clear that the Universe we Perceive is not the only Universe in Space Time.

There are many Universes existing in different planes at different levels of Time and Space.

Space and Time,as Immanuel Kant puts it ‘are the two spectacles through which the Human Mind Perceives’.

The Universe which we Perceive is limited by our Concept of Time and Space and even this Concept is conitioned by our Mind ,which is shackled by Space and Time.

More on this in another article.

Now in the Universe we Perceive,we have objects,animate and Inanimate.

As things which are born or begin must die or end according to traditional science,these should have had a beginning , must end.

In that case what was there before the Beginning out of which things have evolved?

Traditional Physics has various Theories ,all of them incomplete .

Quantum Theory seems to have arrived at a Theory that validates Universality of Al Theories and the answer to the question of Constant Motion of the Universe and its dissolution.

Aided by Particle Physics,the answer t o the question as to out of what the Universe was made and what remains ,has been arrived at.

This is the Zero Energy UniverseTheory.

‘The zero-energy universe hypothesis proposes that the total amount of energy in the universe is exactly zero: its amount of positive energy in the form of matter is exactly canceled out by its negative energy in the form of gravity.

Pascual Jordan first suggested that since the positive energy of a star’s mass and the negative energy of its gravitational field together may have zero total energy, conservation of energy would not prevent a star being created by a quantum transition of the vacuum. George Gamow recounted putting this idea to Albert Einstein: “Einstein stopped in his tracks and, since we were crossing a street, several cars had to stop to avoid running us down”.

The zero-energy universe theory originated in 1973, when Edward Tryon proposed in the Nature journal that the universe emerged from a large-scale quantum fluctuation of vacuum energy, resulting in its positive mass-energy being exactly balanced by its negative gravitational potential energy...

ॐ पूर्णमदः पूर्णमिदं पूर्णात्पुर्णमुदच्यते

पूर्णस्य पूर्णमादाय पूर्णमेवावशिष्यते ॥
ॐ शान्तिः शान्तिः शान्तिः ॥
Om Puurnnam-Adah Puurnnam-Idam Puurnnaat-Purnnam-Udacyate
Puurnnasya Puurnnam-Aadaaya Puurnnam-Eva-Avashissyate ||
Om Shaantih Shaantih Shaantih ||

Meaning:
1: Om, That (Outer World) is Purna (Full with Divine Consciousness); This (Inner World) is also Purna (Full with Divine Consciousness); From Purna comes Purna (From the Fullness of Divine Consciousness the World is manifested) ,
2: Taking Purna from Purna, Purna Indeed Remains (Because Divine Consciousness is Non-Dual and Infinite).

3: Om Peace, Peace, Peace. 

Free Lunch Interpretation.

A generic property of inflation is the balancing of the negative gravitational energy, within the inflating region, with the positive energy of the inflaton field to yield a post-inflationary universe with negligible or zero energy density.. it is this balancing of the total universal energy budget that enables the open-ended growth possible with inflation; during inflation, energy flows from the gravitational field (or geometry) to the inflation field—the total gravitational energy decreases (i.e. becomes more negative) and the total inflation energy increases (becomes more positive). But the respective energy densities remain constant and opposite since the region is inflating. Consequently, inflation explains the otherwise curious cancellation of matter and gravitational energy on cosmological scales, which is consistent with astronomical observations…
Quantum Interpretation.

Quantum Fluctuation.

Due to quantum uncertainty, energy fluctuations such as an electron and its anti-particle, a positron, can arise spontaneously out of vacuum space, but must disappear rapidly. The lower the energy of the bubble, the longer it can exist. A gravitational field has negative energy. Matter has positive energy. The two values cancel out provided the universe is completely flat. In that case, the universe has zero energy and can theoretically last forever.

The oldest Literature of the world The Rig Veda ,one of the four Vedas,the Religious Text of Hinus stztes this principle in Nasadiya Suktha.

And Siddhas ,as explained in Tamil texts have called the origin of the Universe as ‘Poojayam’Zero’

Another interesting Concept is that the Reality is Full.

‘That was Full,This was Full,Having Taken Full ot of Full,Full remains Full’

Isavasya Upanishad.

‘

Now Zero when added to other numbers,those Numbers’ Value changes ,yet Zero never changes.

1. And the Concept of Full is as complete or as incomplete as Zero.
2. Zero is Infinity?
3. Both are devoid  of Attributes ,beyond Attributes like Brahman,the Reality.

Nasadiya Sukta with English translationEdit

नासदासीन्नो सदासीत्तदानीं नासीद्रजो नो व्योमा परो यत् | किमावरीवः कुह कस्य शर्मन्नम्भः किमासीद्गहनं गभीरम् ॥ १॥ न मृत्युरासीदमृतं न तर्हि न रात्र्या अह्न आसीत्प्रकेतः | आनीदवातं स्वधया तदेकं तस्माद्धान्यन्न परः किञ्चनास ॥२॥ तम आसीत्तमसा गूहळमग्रे प्रकेतं सलिलं सर्वाऽइदम् | तुच्छ्येनाभ्वपिहितं यदासीत्तपसस्तन्महिनाजायतैकम् ॥३॥ कामस्तदग्रे समवर्तताधि मनसो रेतः प्रथमं यदासीत् | सतो बन्धुमसति निरविन्दन्हृदि प्रतीष्या कवयो मनीषा ॥४॥ तिरश्चीनो विततो रश्मिरेषामधः स्विदासीदुपरि स्विदासीत् | रेतोधा आसन्महिमान आसन्त्स्वधा अवस्तात्प्रयतिः परस्तात् ॥५॥ को अद्धा वेद क इह प्र वोचत्कुत आजाता कुत इयं विसृष्टिः | अर्वाग्देवा अस्य विसर्जनेनाथा को वेद यत आबभूव ॥६॥ इयं विसृष्टिर्यत आबभूव यदि वा दधे यदि वा न | यो अस्याध्य क्षः परमे  व्योमन्त्सो अङ्ग वेद यदि वा न वेद ॥७॥

Then even nothingness was not, nor existence, There was no air then, nor the heavens beyond it. What covered it? Where was it? In whose keeping? Was there then cosmic water, in depths unfathomed? Then there was neither death nor immortality nor was there then the torch of night and day. The One breathed windlessly and self-sustaining. There was that One then, and there was no other. At first there was only darkness wrapped in darkness. All this was only unillumined water. That One which came to be, enclosed in nothing, arose at last, born of the power of heat. In the beginning desire descended on it – that was the primal seed, born of the mind. The sages who have searched their hearts with wisdom know that which is kin to that which is not. And they have stretched their cord across the void, and know what was above, and what below. Seminal powers made fertile mighty forces. Below was strength, and over it was impulse. But, after all, who knows, and who can say Whence it all came, and how creation happened? the gods themselves are later than creation, so who knows truly whence it has arisen? Whence all creation had its origin, he, whether he fashioned it or whether he did not, he, who surveys it all from highest heaven, he knows – or maybe even he does not know. -The Rig Veda

Reference and citation.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-energy_universe

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