Advanced Modern concepts in Hinduism includes the Atomic Theory in the Nyaya System of Indian Philosophy,Hinduism.

These treatises postulates Boson, The God Particle and goes beyond this.

Hindus wer aware of the Atomic structure of things, events(yes, events for Hindus state that things non material do have atomic structure.

They knew how to prepare Atomic weapons, Counter Atomic weapons.

So adept were they in understanding the nature of Atoms , they were able to distinguish between the Atoms making up one thing and another.

Atoms are indivisible matter of Matter.(Anu)

This has another finer particle that drives it or the cause for the Atoms to behave the way they do.

They are called the Paramanu.

These terms are used extensively in the Vedas while describing the Reality describing It.

The Atoms comprising of one matter, say a man, my be re regrouped to form another Matter, Bigger or Smaller.

This is explained in the Siddhis or the powers acuired by a Yogi en route to Realization.

They are named as Anima and Mahima( Smaller and Bigger)